To alleviate decision-making pressure on rail transit dispatchers in the emergency handling process, this work sorts out the scenario elements of rail transit emergency cases, establishes a scenario element system, and uses the information weight method to determine the weight of each scenario element. Based on the information of the key decision points, the complete process of emergencies is divided into various scenarios, and an emergency case representation model is constructed. The model establishes a database of historical emergency cases in rail transit, utilizes the scenarios as the search object to match the similarity of emergencies, and provides the decision-making support information to handle the current emergencies. Furthermore, the model constructed in this paper is subjected to an actual emergency case for analysis and calculation, which verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed model.