Theoretical calculations and simulations are introduced to explain the passive intermodulation power level rise (PLR) in coaxial connectors with broadband signal excitation for the third-order intermodulation products. An equivalent model is developed to describe the characteristics of the broadband signals. The non-linearity of connectors is defined by a polynomial behaviour model. A mathematical model of the PLR is developed. A series of experiments are conducted to verify the proposed models. The experimental results agree well with the analytic results, having a mean difference of 0.6 dB.
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