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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal cell loss, and oxidative stress. Further deposition of Aβ in the brain induces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and memory dysfunction. Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.) leaf, a known traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, heart palpitations, forgetfulness, and tinnitus, and its main bioactive components are Hawthorn Leaf Flavonoids (HLF). In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of the HLF on the Aβ25–35 (bilateral hippocampus injection) rat model of AD. The results showed that the oral administration of HLF at a dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg for 30 days significantly ameliorated neuronal cell damage and memory deficits, and markedly increased the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and the content of glutathione whereas it decreased the malondialdehyde content in the Aβ25–35 rat model of AD as well as suppressed the activation of astrocytes. In addition, HLF up‐regulated Nrf‐2, NQO‐1, and HO‐1 protein expressions. Also, it reduced neuroinflammation by inhibiting activation of astrocytes. In summary, these results indicated that HLF decreased the oxidative stress via activating Nrf‐2/antioxidant response element signaling pathways, and may suggest as a potential candidate for AD therapeutic agent.

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With the development of the Internet, the company network architecture is also undergoing profound changes, and the boundaries between the original internal network and external network are becoming increasingly blurred with the emergence of cloud services. More and more company businesses are deployed on the cloud server, which increases the risk of data exchange between the cloud server and the intranet. An implementation method of zero-trust architecture is proposed in this paper to apply to this scenario. The method can ensure safe and reliable data exchange when the external application server accesses the internal network, effectively protect network communication and business access while not affecting the original internal network protection measures, and make the company network safer and controllable.

In the internet of things (IoT) and big data, the global information society is entering a new phase where consumers, networks, and perception devices work together more intimately. Software-defined networks (SDN) offer lower latency and massive connectivity for intelligent devices (IoT) for the internet of things. Smart communities are one of the most important applications of the blockchain. SDN technology is used to provide residents with smart services. Situational awareness for information security offers a distinct, high-level security perspective based on security alarm occurrences. However, contemporary information security warning data has become too complicated and varied than a simple analysis is almost impossible. In addition to enhancing IoT security's monitoring, emergency response, and forecasting capabilities, this article presents an IoT-assisted information security situation awareness framework (IoT-ISSAF). SDN model has been validated through simulation as being able to accurately assess the current state of network security in blockchain.