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Mixtures of the phospholipids L-alpha-dimyristoylphosphatidic acid (DMPA) and L-alpha-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) have been successfully adsorbed onto the charged surface of multilayer polyelectrolyte capsules to form a novel vesicle. Leaving such vesicles in phospholipase A(2) solution, we observed the hydrolysis reaction on the surface of the lipid/polymer vesicles and a permeability change before and after the reaction by confocal-laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). A capsule with adjustable permeability was constructed. This method may provide new features for drug-release vesicles.

If self-healing materials can be prepared via simple technology and methods using nontoxic materials, this would be a great step forward in the creation of environmentally friendly self-healing materials. In this paper, the specific structural parameters of the various hydrogen bonds between chitosan (CS) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were calculated. Then, multilayer polyelectrolyte films were fabricated with CS and PAA based on layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technology at different pH values. The possible influence of pH on the (CS/PAA) × 30 multilayer polyelectrolyte film was investigated. The results show that the interactions between CS and PAA, swelling capacity, microstructure, wettability, and self-healing ability are all governed by the pH of the CS solution. When the pH value of the CS solution is 3.0, the prepared multilayer polyelectrolyte film (CS3.0/PAA2.8) × 30 has fine-tuned interactions, a network-like structure, good swelling ability, good hydrophilicity, and excellent self-healing ability. This promises to greatly widen the future applications of environmentally friendly materials and bio-materials.

The consumption of fresh-cut apples has grown rapidly due to consumers' increasing willingness to enjoy prepared and ready-to-eat fruits. But fresh-cut apples tend to experience severe enzymatic browning which discourages people to taste. Chitosan (CS) coating containing ascorbic acid (AA) or calcium chloride (CaCl 2) were applied on fresh-cut apples in this work to observe their preservation effects. Their appearance, weight change were evaluated during the storage at room temperature, besides, AA content, soluble solid content were analyzed at the end of storage. CS-CaCl 2 coating has better preservation effect than CS-AA coating when they were applied on fresh-cut apples. CS-CaCl 2 coating showed lower weight loss and higher AA content of apple slices than CS-AA coating. CS-CaCl 2 coating was also good at anti-browning in terms of the appearance of coated apple slices.

infection from secondary stripping. In brief, as a pluripotential medical dressing sensor, the HAP/SN-NR has a promising future in various applications, especially tissue repair.