This simplified, weight-based, extended-interval gentamicin dosing protocol for critically ill neonates was effective in achieving therapeutic peak plasma concentrations of gentamicin in most of the patients and, as a high proportion of patients had acceptable trough concentrations, may minimize the potential for toxicity.

Neonates weighing more than 1500 g at birth and whose gentamicin C(max) exceeded 10 μg/ml were at an increased risk for OAE screen failure. Monitoring and maintaining gentamicin C(max) at or below 10 μg/ml may minimize hearing impairment; however, further studies are necessary.