In 1960, the United States Congress enacted the National Institutes of Health's (NIH) Primate Research Centers Program to provide the scientific community with the specialized resources needed for nonhuman primate (NHP) research. Today, the seven National Primate Research Centers (NPRCs) form a network of unique institutions that serve as a national scientific resource for research that advances human health through the use of NHPs. Whether the research requires on‐site facilities or remote access to services and resources, the NPRCs draw on decades of experience and a portfolio of capabilities to customize a research support solution that addresses each researcher's needs. Among the successes of research with NHPs are elimination of polio as a public health threat in the United States; development of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease; and more effective treatments for diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and cardiovascular disease.