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AIM: To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided methylene blue (MB) thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) on the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 27 patients with PHN were treated with ultrasound-guided TPVB in the lesion innervation. The blocking drug used was an MB compound preparation, and several indexes were recorded, including pain visual analogue scores (VAS), dosage of oral analgesic required, plasma interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and cortisol levels, basic viability, self-assessment, and satisfaction. RESULTS: The patients' VAS after blocking were significantly reduced compared to those before blocking. Furthermore, dosage of oral analgesic required, levels of plasma IL-6, TNF-α, and cortisol were reduced, and basic viability and self-assessments were significantly improved (p<0.05). The treatment method was effective, did not cause any adverse effects, and patients reported higher degrees of satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound-guided TPVB exerts significant effects on PHN. The patients' degree of pain and dosage of oral analgesic required were reduced, basic patient viability was improved, and patients reported higher degrees of satisfaction.

Sepsis is one among the dangerous medical threat that is very much related to body’s immune system having no proper treatment for this condition. About19 million cases of sepsis have been recorded and out of which 5 million cases die every year. Sevoflurane other than controlling the depth of anaesthesia, it does have a vital role in immunomodulations. The study is focused on investigating the immunomodulatory effects of sevoflurane in the septic mouse model induced by CLP. Mortality rate, organ damage, inflammatory mediators, bacterial load, coagulopathy, hepto and renal functional changes, serum lactate, blood glucose, neutrophil sequestration and finally histopathological examination were investigated. The results were interesting that exposure to sevoflurane improves the polymicrobial abdominal sepsis outcome. Mice exposed to sevoflurane after CLP significantly improved outcomes of polymicrobial abdominal sepsis and reduced mortality by improving overall 7-day survival (83.3%) compared to mice without sevoflurane (no treatment group 16.6%) additionally decreasing the surrogate marker levels in the experimental sepsis animal model conducted. Our study suggests that the selection of certain anaesthetic drugs could be critical in the management of septic patients because their immunomodulatory effects could be large enough to affect sepsis pathophysiology.