This study aimed to explore the impaired activity of the daily living ability status and its influencing factors among older adults. A sample of 10,148 participants (≥60 years old) who met the requirements for the activity of daily living scale was used in this study, and the Health and Aging Tracking Survey was selected for data collection. The impaired activities of the daily living status of older adults and their influencing factors were analyzed by single-factor descriptive analysis and multi-factor logistic regression. The study results showed that the rate of impaired activities of the daily living ability of participants was 26.56%, among which the rate of mild impairment was 17.34% and severe impairment was 9.22%. Multi-factor binary logistic regression analysis results showed that demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and physical health status were associated with older adults’ daily living activity ability. Among them, ages ≥80 years, male, habitual smoking, physical disability, and chronic diseases had a more significant impact.