CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is the preferred instrument for obtaining dietary information in epidemiological studies. A short form of the FFQ was compared with the original version that was used in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), and also with three 24-hour dietary recalls. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study carried out in six Brazilian state capitals. METHODS: Multiple linear regression was used to reduce the original food and drink list of the FFQ, which had contained 114 food items. The frequency of consumption and nutritional composition of the foods were also taken into consideration. To assess the validity of the shortened FFQ, the energy and nutrients values of the 24-hour dietary recalls were deattenuated and log-transformed. RESULTS:The list of the FFQ of ELSA-Brasil was reduced to 76 food items. The intraclass correlation coefficients in the validation study ranged from 0.17 (selenium) to 0.66 (calcium). CONCLUSIONS: The number of items was reduced by 33%, while still maintaining relatively good capacity to measure energy and selected nutrients.RESUMO CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: O Questionário de Frequência Alimentar (QFA) tem sido o instrumento de escolha para a obtenção de informações dietéticas em estudos epidemiológicos. Uma forma abreviada do questionário foi comparada com a versão original do QFA utilizada no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil), e também contra três registros alimentares (RA) de 24 horas. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal realizado em seis capitais brasileiras. MÉTODOS: Para redução da lista original de alimentos e bebidas do QFA, que contém 114 itens alimentares, foi empregada regressão linear múltipla, tendo sido consideradas também a frequência de consumo e a composição nutricional dos alimentos. Para avaliação da validade do QFA reduzido, os valores de energia e nutrientes dos registros alimentares de 24 horas foram "deatenuados" e "log-transformados". RESULTADOS: A lista do QFA ELSA-Brasil foi reduzida para 76 itens alimentares. No estudo de validade, os coeficientes de correlação intraclasse variaram de 0,17 (selênio) a 0,66 (cálcio). CONCLUSÃO: A redução dos itens foi de 33% e ainda assim foi possível manter a capacidade de medir relativamente bem energia e nutrientes selecionados.
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