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Among patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation, atrial tissue fibrosis estimated by delayed enhancement MRI was independently associated with likelihood of recurrent arrhythmia. The clinical implications of this association warrant further investigation.

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The disclosure forms of the authors and reviewers are available on the ESC website www.escardio.org/guidelines † Representing the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Other ESC entities having participated in the development of this document:.

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