This study aimed to validate a scale for assessing acute pain in donkeys. Forty-four adult donkeys underwent castration after sedation with intravenous (IV) xylazine, induction with guaifenesin and thiopental IV, local anesthetic block, and maintenance with isoflurane. The scale was constructed from a pilot study with four animals combined with algetic behaviors described for equines. After content validation, the scale was evaluated in 40 other donkeys by three blinded and one reference evaluator, by means of edited videos referring to the preoperative and postoperative periods: before anesthesia, 3–4 h after recovery from anesthesia, 5–6 h after recovery from anesthesia (2 h after analgesia with flunixin—1.1 mg/kg, dipyrone—10 mg/kg, and morphine—0.2 mg/kg) IV, and 24 h after recovery. Content validity, sensitivity, specificity, and responsiveness of behaviors were investigated to refine the scale. Intra- and inter-evaluator reliabilities were investigated by the weighted kappa coefficient, criterion validity by comparing the scale with the visual analog scale (VAS), internal consistency by Cronbach's α coefficient, item-total correlation by the Spearman coefficient, and intervention point for rescue analgesic by the receiver operating characteristics curve and Youden index. The scale showed very good intra-evaluator reliability (0.88–0.96), good to moderate (0.56–0.66) inter-evaluator reliability, responsiveness for all items, good criterion validity vs. VAS (0.75), acceptable internal consistency (0.64), adequate item-total correlation, except for head position and direction, and according to the principal component analysis, good association among items. The accuracy of the point for rescue analgesic was excellent (area under the curve = 0.91). The rescue analgesic score was ≥ 4 of 11 points. The scale can diagnose and quantify acute pain in donkeys submitted to castration, as the instrument is reliable and valid, with a defined intervention analgesic score.

Pythiosis is a granulomatous infectious disease caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum. In Brazil, there are a considerable number of studies on that disease in dogs mainly from the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Given the unfamiliarity of the affectation in dogs from other locations, such as the Northeast, its description in native animals from federal units of this latter region becomes essential. In this sense, this study aimed to register the first case of canine pythiosis found in the city of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. A two-year-old mixed breed female dog was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Rural Federal University of the Semi-Arid (Mossoró, RN, Brazil). Physical examination showed swelling in the anal mucocutaneous junction. During rectal palpation, lumen stenosis was detected.Laboratory screening tests were requested, but due to nonspecific results, performing incisional biopsy of the anal lesion was decided. Fragments were sent for histopathological analysis, being used special histochemical staining. Accordingly, a case of pythiosis was found. Pharmacotherapy was applied with itraconazole and terbinafine hydrochloride prescription. After three months and twelve days of treatment, complete remission of the lesions occurred. One should consider pythiosis in native dogs from the city of Mossoró, RN. Adoption of diagnosis appropriate methods is essential for early disease identification, with a positive impact on therapeutic decisions. ________________________ Macêdo et al., Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal (v.8, n.4) p. 88 -109 out -dez (2014) Macêdo et al., Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal (v.8, n.4) p. 88 -109 out -dez (2014

No abstract

RESUMO -A hiperplasia fibroepitelial e a displasia cística são proliferações não neoplásicas da glândula mamária felina. Embora sejam benignas, possuem o carcinoma como principal diagnóstico diferencial. Objetivou-se estabelecer o perfil clínico-epidemiológico e terapêutico das neoformações mamárias não neoplásicas de gatas domésticas, no sentido de auxiliar aos clínicos veterinários no manejo destas mastopatias. A obtenção das informações, de forma retrospectiva, ocorreu por meio de fichas do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido. Foi colhida informação da anamnese, aspecto clínico das lesões, diagnóstico microscópico, terapia utilizada e resposta clínica. Os dados foram distribuídos em frequências. Verificou-se que a maioria das alterações (91%) correspondia à hiperplasia fibroepitelial, em contraste com apenas um (9%) caso de displasia cística. A citologia confirmou todas as situações de hiperplasia fibroepitelial, enquanto o diagnóstico definitivo da displasia cística foi obtido somente pela histopatologia. Grande parte das gatas estudadas possuía idade inferior a um ano, sendo usualmente não ovariectomizada e já submetida à terapia com progestágenos. O sinal clínico mais comum foi à cianose local. Em 90% das fêmeas com hiperplasia fibroepitelial mamária, o tratamento primário equivaleu à administração de fármaco antiprogestágeno (aglepristone). Após a regressão do tecido mamário, as pacientes foram submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia. Para a displasia cística, estabeleceu-se a associação da esterilização cirúrgica com a mastectomia. Para todas as situações, as distintas terapias promoveram a remissão definitiva das mastopatias. Os dados obtidos tornam-se fundamentais para a abordagem clínica e terapêutica das pacientes felinas acometidas por neoformações não neoplásicas da glândula mamária.Palavras-Chave: Estudo retrospectivo; Felis catus; mastopatias hiperplásicas e displásicas. ABSTRACT -The fibroepithelial hyperplasia and cystic dysplasia correspond to feline mammary gland nonneoplastic proliferations. Although benign, they have the carcinoma as the main differential diagnosis. The study aimed to establish the clinical-epidemiological and therapeutic profile of nonneoplastic mammary neoformations of domestic cats, in order to help veterinary clinicians in the management of feline mastopathies. Information was obtained retrospectively from the Veterinary Hospital of the Semi-Arid Rural Federal University clinical records. Historical information, clinical appearance of the lesions and microscopic diagnosis were collected, besides the therapy used and the respective clinical response. The data were distributed in frequencies. It was found that most disorders (91%) corresponded to fibroepithelial hyperplasia, in contrast with one (9%) case of cystic dysplasia. Cytology was enough to confirm all cases of fibroepithelial hyperplasia, while the cystic dysplasia definitive diagnosis was obtained only by the histopathological exam. Many of the cats studied were under one year old,...

O ciclo estral é a sincronia entre eventos comportamentais, anatômicos e endócrinos que resultam na ovulação, e pode ser dividido em fase lútea e fase folicular. A identificação das fases do ciclo estral da égua pode ser acompanhada por meio de várias biotécnicas reprodutivas como, por exemplo, citologia vaginal classificando os diversos tipos de células do epitélio vaginal, ultrassonografia para avaliação da dinâmica folicular e a dosagem hormonal no plasma sanguíneo ou das fezes do animal para caracterizar a fase do ciclo estral que o animal possivelmente se encontra. Sendo assim, o objetivo desta revisão foi discutir a fisiologia do ciclo estral de éguas, a fim de favorecer novas pesquisas relacionadas à biotécnicas reprodutivas para equinos.