Esteroides derivados de fontes fecal (coprostanol, epicoprostanol e coprostanona) e mista (colesterol, colestanol e colestanona) foram analisados em 19 amostras de sedimentos superficiais, coletados em duas amostragens, por cromatografia gasosa com detector de ionização de chama (GC/FID) para prover uma avaliação regional da contaminação por esgotos nos Rios Iguaçu e Barigui, no Sul do Brasil. As concentrações médias de coprostanol na coleta de verão (109 ± 122 µg g , caracterizam os sedimentos como altamente contaminados por material fecal. Razões diagnósticas usando compostos selecionados sugeriram que os efluentes domésticos são a principal fonte de contaminação, embora o esterco produzido em áreas rurais possa ter importância localizada. Os resultados mostraram que o lançamento de esgotos não tratados pode representar um risco para a saúde ambiental do sistema fluvial quando a capacidade do sistema para dispersar e diluir efluentes é reduzida em períodos de baixo fluxo de água.Steroids derived from fecal (coprostanol, epicoprostanol and coprostanone) and mixed (cholesterol, cholestanol and cholestanone) sources were analyzed in 19 surface sediments collected in two samplings by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC/FID) in order to provide a regional assessment of the sewage contamination in the Iguaçu and Barigui Rivers, Southern Brazil. The mean concentrations of coprostanol in the Summer (109 ± 122 mg g -1 ) and Winter (130 ± 116 µg g -1 ) seasons in 2007, with maximum value of approximately 330 mg g -1 , situate the studied sediments as heavily contaminated by sewage. Diagnostic ratios among selected compounds suggested that domestic effluents were the main source of contamination, although the contribution of manure from livestock might also be locally important. The results show that the release of raw sewage may pose a relevant threat to the environmental health of river systems when the capacity to disperse and dilute the effluents is reduced during periods of small river water flow.
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