The objectives of this study were to estimate the risk of vertical HIV transmission and assess the associated factors and missed opportunities for prevention in a cohort of HIV+ pregnant women (1995HIV+ pregnant women ( -2001
Introdução: O Ministério da Saúde define Acidente de Trabalho com Exposição a Material Biológico, aquele envolvendo sangue e outros fluidos orgânicos ocorridos com os trabalhadores durante o desenvolvimento de suas atividades laborais. O risco de infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) pós-exposição ocupacional percutânea é de aproximadamente 0,3%, pelo vírus da hepatite C (HCV) é de 1,8% a 10% e pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) pode atingir até 40%. Objetivo: descrever o perfil epidemiológico situação vacinal e a imunidade para hepatite B dos profissionais da área da saúde que sofreram acidentes com exposição a material biológico no período de janeiro de 2006 a junho de 2015, evidenciando a realidade de um hospital público de alta complexidade e referência em doenças infectocontagiosas do Centro-Oeste. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico retrospectivo, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. Resultados: Este estudo constatou que, entre os profissionais da área da saúde expostos a material biológico a maioria era da equipe de enfermagem e do sexo feminino. Houve mais casos por exposição percutânea, por agulha com lúmen envolvendo sangue. Verificou-se que 76,9% eram vacinados e 57% possuíam anti-HBs maior ou igual a 10UI/L. Conclusão: o estudo permitiu conhecer o perfil epidemiológico dos trabalhadores acidentados; os resultados mostraram indicadores importantes sobre exposição ocupacional a material biológico e o potencial risco de soroconversões para hepatite B.
Patients suffering from pemphigus vulgaris need specialized care. Thus, in their comprehensive care, multi-professional action is essential to meet the different technical challenges of the disease. The objective was to report a case of pemphigus vulgaris and multi-professional performance. This is a descriptive study of the case report of a patient seen at a referral hospital for pemphigus. The information necessary to describe the case was collected after approval by the Research Ethics Committee. The patient arrived at the hospital with diffuse crusty lesions with associated pruritus throughout the body for approximately two months. After clinical evaluation and laboratory examination, the histological examination found the presence of a supra-basal intraepidermal bubble, with the presence of acantholytic cells inside the bubble, concluding as pemphigus vulgaris. During hospitalization, the patient had several secondary infections, used corticosteroids, analgesics, polyantibiotic therapy, and immunoglobulin. At the end of 78 days of hospitalization, he developed complications and died. Early diagnosis and the start of rapid treatment delay the evolution of the disease, improving the appearance of the lesions, which reduces the length of hospital stay and the risk of infections occurring. Therefore, the performance of the multi-professional team contributes to solving the challenges related to the disease, such as improvement in physical, emotional, nutritional, and patient safety. We emphasize measures for the prevention and control of infections, such as, for example, hand hygiene by all professionals, the use of personal protective equipment in the management of the patient, and adequate hygiene of the environment.
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