resumenLos primeros programas de cribado neonatal de errores congénitos del metabolismo y otras enfermedades endocrinas comenzaron a finales de los años cincuenta y, una década más tarde, se introdujeron en España. Desde entonces han evolucionado mucho, pero de forma muy heterogénea, tanto a nivel internacional como autonómico. Los continuos avances científicos y tecnológicos, fundamentalmente desde el año 2000, han hecho que estas desigualdades se acentúen, haciendo de este tema un inagotable asunto de revisión, debate y discusión hasta nuestros días.Esta revisión pretende recoger, de manera resumida, los orígenes de los programas de cribado neonatal y sus inicios en España, como un primer paso para el aná-lisis de su desarrollo, evolución y situación actual, en unos años en el que se están implementando cambios en muchas comunidades españolas tras la publicación, en noviembre de 2014, de una orden estatal por la cual se regulan y tratan de homogeneizar. AbstrACtThe first newborn screening programs to detect congenital errors of the metabolism and other endocrinal diseases started in the late 1950s and, one decade later, were introduced in Spain. Since then they have evolved considerably, but in a very heterogeneous way, at both the international level and the regional level. The continuous scientific and technological advances, basically since the year 2000, have accentuated these inequalities, making this question into an inexhaustible subject of review, debate and argument up until the present.This review aims to gather, in summarized fashion, the origins of the newborn screening programs and their beginnings in Spain as a first step in analyzing their development, evolution and current situation. This year updating is expected to take place in all the Spanish autonomous regions following publication in November 2014 of a state order that regulates and attempts to homogenize these programs.
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