There are still open questions about the effectiveness of Virtual Reality (VR) in Education when compared to conventional learning methods. This paper studies the feasibility of a VR-based learning tool and the possible differences in knowledge retention across a VR learning method and a conventional audio method, when it comes to learning a foreign language. Also, the students' sense of presence and satisfaction were studied. For such purpose, a user study was conducted and results revealed that while presence and satisfaction were higher in Virtual Reality, the knowledge retention score remains the same across both experimental conditions.

-Several school-based epidemiological surveys have been conducted by researchers worldwide. The aim of this article is to describe the methodological aspects used in planning the COMPAC Project (Behavior of Adolescents from Santa Catarina state) carried out in 2001 and 2011. The project presents state-wide school-based epidemiological characteristics (panel study). The population included public high school students between the ages of 15 to 19 years old from Santa Catarina. The sample (n = 5,028 in 2001; n = 6,529 in 2011) was representative of the six geographic regions of the state and was done in two stages, selecting the following items: (1) schools stratified by size (large: 500 or more students; medium: 200-499, and small: fewer than 200); and (2) shifts (day and evening), randomly chosen considering the proportion of students per grade and shift. In 2001, 5,463 students took part in the study, but 380 were excluded for being outside the age range and 55 were removed because they filled out the questionnaire incorrectly. In 2011, 7,077 students participated, but 508 were excluded and 40 removed for the same reasons mentioned above. The students responded a questionnaire on lifestyle and health risk behavior. Both surveys found a greater proportion of girls, single individuals, living with their family and residing in urban areas. The 2001 survey revealed a higher proportion of 17 to 19 year-olds who worked, who were enrolled in the second year of high school, and studied in the evening when compared to the 2011 survey. The methodological tools utilized in this study will can support the development of research with high school adolescents. Key words: Adolescent behavior; Epidemiology; Methodology; Questionnaires. Resumo -Diversos levantamentos epidemiológicos de base escolar têm sido realizados por pesquisadores do mundo inteiro. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever os aspectos metodológicos utilizados no planejamento do projeto COMPAC (Comportamento do

The present study aims (a) to translate and adapt the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ) to the Portuguese context (semantic equivalence/ conceptual and content validity) and (b) to examine its psychometric properties (reliability and factorial validity). The sample consisted of 478 subjects (285 males and 193 females). The fidelity of the factors varied between 0.53 and 0.83. The confirmatory factor analysis results produced a 14-item version of IPQ-PT, accepting covariance between residual errors of some items of the instrument, as the best structural representation of the data analyzed. The CFA was conducted based on a three-variable model. The fit indexes obtained were X2/df = 2.647, GFI = .948, CFI = .941, RSMEA = .059, and AIC = 254. These values demonstrate that the proposed Portuguese translation of the IPQ maintains its original validity, demonstrating it to be a robust questionnaire to measure the sense of presence in virtual reality studies. It is therefore recommended for use in presence research when using Portuguese samples.

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The referred analysis indeed shows that not only did these specific participants gain a better understanding of the demanding task, but also they showed an improved perception concerning the content of the navigation menu that included hyperlinks with images.