Brazilian plant extracts belonging to 16 species of 5 different families (71 extracts) were tested against the stable DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) free-radical. The ability to scavenge DPPH radical was measured in these experiments by the discoloration of the solution. Ginkgo biloba and rutin, commonly used as antioxidants for medical purposes, were used as standards. Based on our results, we can say that as a general rule the ethanol extracts of plants belonging to the Verbenaceae family showed lower EC(50) values than the other plant extracts. Among the partitions, the more polar ones (ethyl acetate and n-butanol) are those that generally have higher antioxidant activity (AA).

No abstract

RESUMO A presente avaliação tem como finalidade determinar a custo-efetividade de cateteres periféricos com dispositivo de segurança, válvula antirrefluxo e plataforma de estabilização integrada durante seu uso em pacientes hospitalizados e submetidos à terapia de infusão, sob a perspectiva da Saúde Suplementar do Brasil. Foi elaborado modelo analítico de decisão para estimar a razão de custo-efetividade incremental (RCEI), em horizonte de 96 horas, entre cateteres periféricos com platafor-ma de estabilização integrada versus dispositivos sem plataforma de estabilização. Os desfechos clínicos aplicados ao modelo foram taxa de sucesso da punção venosa e taxa de permanência do cateter, obtidos através de revisão sistemática da literatura. A estimativa de custos médicos diretos totais para o tratamento das complicações associadas à punção venosa foi elaborada por opinião de especialistas, e coletada a partir de de bases de dados secundárias. O resultado para o Caso Base do modelo evidenciou economia de recursos financeiros de R$ 138,31 por complicações evitadas e R$ 558,33 por punção venosa com sucesso ou novas punções evitadas. O estudo indica que o uso de cateteres periféricos com plataforma de estabilização integrada pode constituir uma alternativa viável aos hospitais brasileiros, gerando redução de custos totais de tratamento e ganhos em efeti-vidade clínica, especialmente em função da menor tendência de surgimento de eventos adversos decorrentes da mobilização inadvertida dos cateteres periféricos ao longo do tempo. ABSTRACT The current evaluation aims at determining the cost-effectiveness of peripheral catheters with se-curement device, blood control septum and integrated stabilization platform in use in patients admitted to hospitals and submitted to infusion therapy, under the perspective of Supplementary He-althCare in Brazil. A decision tree was elaborated for estimating the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) between two types of peripheral catheters, with or without an integrated stabilization platform, in a time horizon of 96 hours. Clinical outcomes applied to the model were obtained from systematic review of literature published up to 31.08.2015 and include rates of venipuncture success and catheter indwell time. The average of total direct medical costs for treatment of adverse events was estimated by expert opinion and data was collected from secondary databases. The Base Case results reflect cost-savings of about 138,31 Brazilian Reais per avoided complications and 558,33 Brazilian Reais per successful venipuncture or new venipunctures avoided. Ours study points out the use of peripheral catheters with stabilization platforms integrated to the device constitutes feasible alternatives for Brazilian private hospitals. Their use can generate reduction of total treatment costs and gains in effectiveness specially due to lower tendencies for development of securement-related adverse reactions, caused by inadvertent mobilization of peripheral access over time. Instituição onde o trabalho foi ex...

RESUMOA presente avaliação tem como finalidade determinar a custo-efetividade de cateteres periféricos com dispositivo de segurança, válvula antirrefluxo e plataforma de estabilização integrada durante seu uso em pacientes hospitalizados e submetidos à terapia de infusão, sob a perspectiva da Saúde Suplementar do Brasil. Foi elaborado modelo analítico de decisão para estimar a razão de custo--efetividade incremental (RCEI), em horizonte de 96 horas, entre cateteres periféricos com plataforma de estabilização integrada versus dispositivos sem plataforma de estabilização. Os desfechos clínicos aplicados ao modelo foram taxa de sucesso da punção venosa e taxa de permanência do cateter, obtidos através de revisão sistemática da literatura. A estimativa de custos médicos diretos totais para o tratamento das complicações associadas à punção venosa foi elaborada por opinião de especialistas, e coletada a partir de de bases de dados secundárias. O resultado para o Caso Base do modelo evidenciou economia de recursos financeiros de R$ 138,31 por complicações evitadas e R$ 558,33 por punção venosa com sucesso ou novas punções evitadas. O estudo indica que o uso de cateteres periféricos com plataforma de estabilização integrada pode constituir uma alternativa viável aos hospitais brasileiros, gerando redução de custos totais de tratamento e ganhos em efetividade clínica, especialmente em função da menor tendência de surgimento de eventos adversos decorrentes da mobilização inadvertida dos cateteres periféricos ao longo do tempo. ABSTRACTThe current evaluation aims at determining the cost-effectiveness of peripheral catheters with securement device, blood control septum and integrated stabilization platform in use in patients admitted to hospitals and submitted to infusion therapy, under the perspective of Supplementary HealthCare in Brazil. A decision tree was elaborated for estimating the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) between two types of peripheral catheters, with or without an integrated stabilization platform, in a time horizon of 96 hours. Clinical outcomes applied to the model were obtained from systematic review of literature published up to 31.08.2015 and include rates of venipuncture success and catheter indwell time. The average of total direct medical costs for treatment of adverse events was estimated by expert opinion and data was collected from secondary databases. The Base Case results reflect cost-savings of about 138,31 Brazilian Reais per avoided complications and 558,33 Brazilian Reais per successful venipuncture or new venipunctures avoided. Ours study points out the use of peripheral catheters with stabilization platforms integrated to the device constitutes feasible alternatives for Brazilian private hospitals. Their use can generate reduction of total treatment costs and gains in effectiveness specially due to lower tendencies for development of securement-related adverse reactions, caused by inadvertent mobilization of peripheral access over time. Keywords:cost-effectiveness, peripheral...

Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the leading causes of women's cancer deaths worldwide. Recent clinical trials with PARP inhibitors showed promising therapeutic opportunities for OC patients. The assessment of BRCA mutation is well established as relevant in the prevention, early diagnostic, and family counseling for OC, and recently BRCA gene mutation was associated as a prognosis for PARP inhibitors treatment. In this scenario, the assessment of the patient's mutation is proposed on Brazilian oncology guidelines and should be advised by health professionals that treat OC. Objectives: Inquire Brazilian oncologists about BRCA gene testing requesting time in the clinical practice for OC patients. Material and Methods: From May 2018 to June 2019, approximately 400 Brazilian oncologists received an online survey with questions related to the indication and challenges of BRCA gene testing. The survey was sent in 4 periods (waves); each wave received approximately 100 answers. Results: The compiled information showed that, on average, each oncologist treated 3 to 5 patients with ovarian cancer, they would recommend testing for three patients. Most respondents would indicate, BRCA testing during patients initial diagnostic period (w1=44%, w2=50%, w3=58%, and w4=64%).The sample of choice for testing would be blood/saliva assessing the germline mutational status (w1=35%, w2=43%, w3=46%, and w4=47%). The main reasons for oncologists to refrain from recommending BRCA testing were associated with cost and lack of reimbursement followed by lack of genetic counselors, among other factors. Conclusion: BRCA testing is restricted and not recommended for all ovarian cancer patients from the private health care sector. There is a lack of consensus on testing recommendations and discrepancies between coverage and national guidelines standardizing. There main difficulties associated with refraining testing were related to reimbursement and health plan coverage. Besides, the lack of genetic counseling was also pointed to as a bottleneck on oncologic patients' multidisciplinary treatment.