Investimentos de risco pressupõem que, em média, os ganhos sejam superiores aos obtidos por ativos livres de risco, diferencial este tradicionalmente denominado prêmio de mercado; sua importância é indiscutível para investidores nas decisões quanto à exposição aos riscos da Bolsa, para gestores de empresa, ao selecionar projetos, ou ainda para órgãos governamentais na regulação de concessionárias e na supervisão dos fundos de pensão; tal aplicabilidade demanda, entretanto, valores confiáveis para uso nos modelos. No presente trabalho são analisadas estimativas segundo três abordagens distintas, compreendendo o período de janeiro de 1996 a dezembro de 2008: na histórica, os valores encontrados variaram de 5% a 7% para os índices IBrX e FGV-100; na prospectiva (que reflete prêmios esperados) obteve-se 3,35%; por fim, na indireta (ou por modelos de mercado), encontraram-se prêmios negativos, algo inesperado porém significativo.
Investors constantly look for significant predictors and accurate models
to forecast future results, whose occasional efficacy end up being
neutralized by market efficiency. Regardless, such predictors are widely
used for seeking better (and more unique) perceptions. This paper aims to
investigate to what extent some of the most notorious indicators have
discriminatory power to select stocks, and if it is feasible with such
variables to build models that could anticipate those with good performance.
In order to do that, logistical regressions were conducted with stocks
traded at Bovespa using the selected indicators as explanatory variables.
Investigated in this study were the outputs of Bovespa Index, liquidity, the
Sharpe Ratio, ROE, MB, size and age evidenced to be significant predictors.
Also examined were half-year, logistical models, which were adjusted in
order to check the potential acceptable discriminatory power for the asset
selection.
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