No abstract

No abstract

Brazil is among the biggest pesticide consumers in the world, with its population severely exposed to tons of such substances, both because of environmental contamination and occupational use. The health consequences of pesticide exposure are well-documented, but still sparse regarding Brazilian population. This study systematically reviewed the Brazilian studies published that address the relationship between exposure to pesticides and health problems in the Brazilian population. Also, information about pesticide use in Brazil is provided. The included studies showed that exposure to pesticides has a relevant impact on the health of the Brazilian population, regardless of age and gender, and on workers in rural areas or not. Most poisoning events seem to result from the continuous use of pesticides, whether occupationally or environmentally, characterizing a public health problem. The major consequences reported in literature were damage to the central nervous system, cancer, deleterious effects on rural workers' health, intoxications, malformations, and endocrine changes. These findings point out the need to understand the impact of chronic exposure to pesticides on severely exposed people and highlight the importance of creating public policies to protect them and avoid disease occurrence.

Resumo O crescimento do interesse turístico pelo rural, aliado à recente expansão da oferta de turismo no espaço rural brasileiro são aspectos que apontam para uma popularização do turismo rural, e de sua divulgação em diversos meios de comunicação. Por conseguinte, o uso do termo turismo rural vem se ampliando, de modo que é comum a utilização aleatória e muitas vezes indevida do conceito. No meio acadêmico também há um debate acerca do conceito de turismo rural. Procurando dar uma contribuição para esse debate, apresentamos aqui, um artigo que aborda os conceitos de turismo no espaço rural, turismo rural, agroturismo, entre outros. Com base na leitura e interpretação de alguns pesquisadores, bem como em pesquisas empíricas sobre o turismo no espaço rural que realizamos, buscamos nos posicionar em relação aos conceitos trabalhados, apresentando uma proposta de definição. Palavras-chave: conceitos; turismo rural; turismo no espaço rural; agroturismo.

Objective: To characterize the profile of occupational exposure to pesticides and its impact on women's health. Method: This is a prospective and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The study population included all patients attended at Francisco Beltrao Cancer Hospital (Ceonc) from May 2015 to December 2018 (n=315). The characterization of their exposure profile was obtained through an interview using a form applied by trained researchers contained 60 questions related to women's pesticide exposure and their health status. The questions referred to past and current occupational pesticide exposure profile, intoxication, and health history from women and their families. All collected data were analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences package (SPSS 25.0). Results: A total of 265 individuals (84.2%) have lived some part of their life in the countryside, and 70% were categorized as occupationally exposed to pesticides. Most of them (57%) were directly exposed, mainly by washing pesticide-contaminated clothes and personal protective equipment used in pesticide pulverization without glove protection. Cancer cases in the family were the main disease reported (68.3%). Further, 57% of interviewed women had a breast cancer diagnosis but no significance between breast cancer occurrence and pesticide exposure was observed. Conclusion: The form allowed us to characterize the profile of occupational pesticide exposition in rural women, alerting them to their severe contamination. This approach can be useful to characterize the occupational exposure profiles of rural workers living in other rural regions of Brazil that use pesticides.