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Our report is based on a text of the philosopher Hermogenes entitled Liber medicine orinalibus now conserved in Cod. Casin. 69 (10th century), pp 545–551, of the Montecassino Archive. This text was written in Beneventano-Cassinese characters. The Liber medicine orinalibus presents an articulate description of urines, which is interesting because of the information it provides regarding the knowledge of medicine in the 2nd century AD. This text allows us to appreciate the level reached in urine diagnostics that were performed in the medical laboratory annexed to the ‘Ospitium’.