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El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en establecer cómo incide la Ley de Eficiencia Energética en el Ecuador en el marco del sistema de transporte público de pasajeros para el Ecuador continental. Además de establecer bajo diferentes escenarios hipotéticos proyecciones energéticas en términos comparativos entre autobuses que usan combustibles fósiles particularmente diésel y electromovilidad a través de autobuses eléctricos. La metodología ha sido realizada en atención de establecer para un determinado año base la cantidad de autobuses del sistema de transporte público de pasajeros, su consumo y rendimiento en términos energéticos. Posterior de ello, se utilizó la relación de rendimiento para autobuses eléctricos con fines de analizar la incidencia del cambio tecnológico hacia electromovilidad para conocer cómo se verá afectada la demanda energética de electricidad y como ésta varía en el tiempo hasta el año 2025. Los resultados muestran que en términos de energéticos la migración masiva de autobuses hacia electromovilidad no ocasiona inconvenientes en la oferta y demanda de la electricidad en el Ecuador continental en el transcurso de los años del período de análisis.

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The continuous evaluation of electric submersible pumps (ESP) performance and its integration within the energy management system in the operation of Blocks 16 & 67 of Ecuador allowed to develop a specific procedure to assess the efficiency of ESPs in order to identify energy improvement opportunities. This procedure is summarized with the Significance Matrix, a tool that integrates ESP's field data such as production history and electrical measurements to estimate hydraulic and electrical power requirements, and a specific method for efficiency evaluation. The result of the Significance Matrix is the categorization of each ESP system as significant or no-significant use of energy. The significant uses of energy are further analyzed to design an action plan that is prioritized through technical and economic assessment. The comparison between the Significance Matrix of December 2014 and November 2017 showed that the optimization of eight (8) ESP systems resulted in an average reduction of 49 BDPD in fuel consumption that can be translated to a decrease in greenhouse gases emission of 20 tCO2 per day. Moreover, the increase in average efficiency of the ESP systems from 25.4% to 40.9% projected a reduction of 0.99 MW-day of energy consumption for artificial lift. This analysis also led to identify wells that were not profitable at the actual operating conditions. A total of 10 wells were closed in the same time period to be replaced with production of more efficient and cost-effective wells. This approach of energy management was developed considering the methodology of the ISO 50001 standard. The conclusion of the study demonstrated that well intervention to improve energy efficiency of ESP systems led to achieve net cost savings and greenhouse gases emissions reduction.