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In recent years, COLOMBIA (like other countries) has gradually increased its energy demand while incorporating new sources of distributed generation, especially sources regarding small hydropower plants (SHP). SHPs in Colombia have a capacity of up to 25000 MW. However, including the 200 PCHs installed recently, the country only takes advantage of only 1% of this power. Because Colombia is vulnerable to climate changes, especially changes in river flows associated with distributed generation, the great challenge to exploit SHP-based generation potentiality is to provide stable integration of SHPs with the existing electrical systems of distribution. In order to optimize power dispatch as a function of the weather conditions and power system contingencies, it is necessary to monitor and exchange critical information between the distribution network operators and the distributed generators. This exchange requires high reliability and fast response times in the communication networks between the distributed power generators and the companies (operators) running distribution systems. The solution presented in this article, based on recent developments in Colombia, suggests that communication networks based on optical infrastructure are an effective long-term solution that proves suitable for the current challenges of such intelligent networks, such as the integration of distributed generation. These networks facilitate the operation of the whole electrical system, providing highly reliable communications and enhanced capacity as well as low latency and a good level of OPEX.The solution presented shows the advantages of using optical communication networks for the integration of distributed generation and power operation systems in both the medium and long term. Additionally, guidelines on the implementation of such integration are provided.

Modelo de gestión de conocimiento para un Joint-Venture sistemático entre la Facultad Tecnológica de la UniversidadDistrital y el sector del software Knowledge management model for a systematic Joint-Venture between ABSTRACT Nowadays, University-Industries interaction is necessary in order to increase productivity for both agents. However, they use to work in diff erent sides: Universities as knowledge production core throughout research and innovation. Industries apply technology and take products and services in market environment. However, even when these two agents have complementary needs, they do not use to work together, at least in the Colombian case. In this way, a knowledge management model is needed which connects universities and fi rms in order to maximize social welfare. Th is article shows the development, application an evaluation of a prototype model with mutual cooperation between Technological Faculty from Universidad Distrital and Colombia's soft ware industries. Th e practical application was developed throughout a web page. Diff erent lessons of systematic approach between universities and other Colombia's industries can be learnt due to this work.