Objective: To evaluate the expectant management (EM) versus active management (AM) of PROM (Premature Rupture of Membranes) in pregnancies more than 34 weeks of gestation as a factor associated with a decrease of neonatal complications because of prematurity. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: Pregnancy women with 34-36.6 weeks of gestation with PROM attended in Carlos Andrade Marín Specialty Hospital, Quito-Ecuador; in the years 2016 and July 2019. Population: 209 patients: this sample was separately in two groups by inclusion and exclusion criteria; 103 cases were management expectantly and 106 cases were management actively. Methods: The risk was estimated calculation relative risk (RR) and Chi-square with p-value less than 0.05, 95% CI. Main Outcome Measures: frequency of neonatal complications in both groups. Results: The prevalence of PROM was 1.95%, associated with preterm delivery in 13.59%. Caesarean delivery was 25.2% (EM) and 50.9% (AM) with p <0.05. There were no significant differences in variables: maternal infection RR: 1,324 (95% CI: 0.972-1.885) in