The extension of Shell’s landmark sentence to all the foreign affiliates of multinational enterprises (MNEs) would imply a global emissions reduction of 2.76 GtCO2. Between 28% and 43% of the total 2030 emissions reduction target of not exceeding 2°C would be achieved. While 91% of multinational affiliates’ output belongs to high-income countries, 54% of their emissions occur in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, these commitments could crucially help emerging countries meet their mitigation targets. We place a special focus on MNEs in the vehicle industry and find that the current targets disclosed in the sustainability reports of the leading automotive MNEs (such as Volkswagen, Toyota, Nissan, and Ford) ignore the upstream emissions of their production, as they consider only scopes 1 and 2. This biased approach would have them reducing only 8%-22% of the required reductions of their upstream emissions if the Shell sentence were to be extended to the automotive industry.

This article brings a geometric proposal which can be applied to the bar structures. The starting point is the substitution of the usual knots in a structural web by a system of combining the bars tivo by two, which is achieved by twisting the bars in each knot. The tensile forces that appear and the introduction of joints in each of these knots allow the transition from a rigid or undeformablegeometiy to a neiv flexible" one leading to the possibility of one and the same structural web adopting different sizes while preserving its original geometric formEn este artículo se hace una propuesta geométrica que puede ser aplicable a las estructuras de barras. Se parte de sustituir en una trama estructural sus nudos habituales por un sistema de empalmes de barras dos a dos, lo que se consigue girando en cada nudo las barras que en él concurren. La aparición de esfuerzos de flexión y la introducción de articulaciones en cada uno de estos empalmes permiten pasar de una geometría rígida o indeformable a una “flexible”, de manera que una misma trama estructural pueda adoptar diferentes tamaños conservando su forma geométrica original. En el artículo se analizan los parámetros geométricos que han deponerse en juego para que el proceso resulte coherent