This paper presents the findings of a systematic review of scholarly publications that report empirical findings from studies of environmentally-related international migration. There exists a small, but growing accumulation of empirical studies that consider environmentally-linked migration that spans international borders. These studies provide useful evidence for scholars and policymakers in understanding how environmental factors interact with political, economic and social factors to influence migration behavior and outcomes that are specific to international movements of people, in highlighting promising future research directions, and in raising important considerations for international policymaking. Our review identifies countries of migrant origin and destination that have so far been the subject of empirical research, the environmental factors believed to have influenced these migrations, the interactions of environmental and non-environmental factors as well as the role of context in influencing migration behavior, and the types of methods used by researchers. In reporting our findings, we identify the strengths and challenges associated with the main empirical approaches, highlight significant gaps and future opportunities for empirical work, and contribute to advancing understanding of environmental influences on international migration more generally. Specifically, we propose an exploratory framework to take into account the role of context in shaping environmental migration across borders, including the dynamic and complex interactions between environmental and non-environmental factors at a range of scales.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11111-014-0210-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

In this paper we argue that nonprofit, nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) constitute crucial sites at which welfare state restructuring and neoliberalism are enacted and materialised in everyday life practices. This paper responds to recent calls from geographers to move to finer scales of analysis that enrich our understanding about the geographies of welfare state restructuring and neoliberalism. Our response is based on case-study research of NGOs that provide social services to migrants in Minneapolis-St Paul, USA, and Toronto, Canada. We draw on the concept of ‘translation’ to show the agency of NGOs in articulating macroscale programmes of governance into concrete regulations that govern the conduct of everyday life. The case studies demonstrate the usefulness of seeing NGOs as translation mechanisms to current debates about the role of NGOs amidst welfare state restructuring and the rise of neoliberalism.

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The Canadian Hispanic Day Parade] is a way of giving a blow to the government, of saying Latin Americans are doing ... something. The community is at a low level and the government is not listening. But with the parade and the participation of local politicians, the government is forced to pay attention ... . They see that the parade is well organized and this goes against the ... negative images that the government has about Latin Americans.'' Joe Nu¨n ¬ ez, president of the Canadian Hispanic Day Parade Committee (interview

This paper examines the challenges migrant groups that are new and internally diverse face to participate and build community in host societies today. Qualitative research findings on Latin American migrants' experiences in Toronto, Canada, reveal that the group's participation is the result of a complexity of social and spatial processes. The paper contributes to current debates on the study of immigrant integration in three ways: (1) by focusing on immigrants' collective forms of organising, (2) by responding to ongoing calls for a closer examination of intra-group diversity, and (3) by drawing on transnationalism research to avoid the use of essentialising categories in the study of immigrant groups that are internally diverse.Résumé Cet article examine les défis auxquels font face les nouveaux groupes migrants caractérisés par une diversité interne pour participer et développer une conscience communautaire dans les sociétés d'accueil d'aujourd'hui. Les résultats d'une recherche qualitative portant sur les expériences de migrants latino-américains à Toronto, au Canada, ont indiqué que la participation du groupe a pour origine des processus sociaux et spatiaux complexes. La contribution de cet article aux débats actuels sur l'étude de l'intégration des immigrants s'établit de trois façons: (1) en se concentrant sur les formes collectives d'organisation des immigrants; (2) en réagissant aux demandes continues pour un examen soigneux de la diversité intragroupe; et (3) en puisant dans la recherche sur le transnationalisme pour éviter, dans le contexte d'une étude sur les groupes d'immigrants caractérisés par une diversité interne, d'employer des catégories qui réduisent à l'essentiel