RESUMO: O artigo analisa a viabilidade econômica de um plantio de caju anão a partir das estimativas de custos e receitas da produção da castanha e do pedúnculo. Também foi realizada análise de sensibilidade para aferir a influência das variáveis: produção do pedúnculo; produção da castanha; preço do pedúnculo; preço da castanha; e custo de implantação na rentabilidade do cultivo. Utilizou-se os métodos: valor presente líquido (VPL); taxa interna de retorno (TIR); valor periódico equivalente (VPE) e razão benefício/custo (B/C). Para análise de sensibilidade fez-se variações de ±30% nas variáveis. O projeto mostrou-se viável, com VPL = R$ 212.690,45/ ha; TIR = 57%; VPE = R$ 20.245,13/ha; e B/C = 1,79. A análise de sensibilidade mostrou que a variável preço da castanha, influenciou mais nos resultados do VPL e da TIR que as demais. Conclui-se que a produção de cajueiro anão precoce é economicamente viável. A análise de sensibilidade revelou que mesmo com variações no âmbito de ±30% nas características de maior influência, a rentabilidade mostrou-se positiva, o que diminui a incerteza do produtor quanto ao retorno do seu investimento.Palavras-chave: mercado florestal, castanha de caju, produto florestal não-madeireiro.ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes the economic feasibility of a cashew plantation through costs and revenues of the production of chestnut and peduncle. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was conducted to demonstrate the influence of the variables: production of the peduncle; chestnut production; peduncle price; chestnut price, and the cost of implementation in the profitability of production. For this research was used these methods: net present value (NPV); internal rate of return (IRR); equivalent periodic value (EPV); and benefit/cost ratio (B/C). For sensitivity analysis were made variations of + 30% and -30% in the variables. The project proved to be feasible, with NVP=R$ 212,690.45/ha; IRR = 57%; VPE = R $ 20,245.13/ha; and B/C = 1.79. The sensitivity analysis showed that the variable chestnut price influenced more in the NVP and IRR than the others. We concluded that the dwarf cashew production is feasible. The sensitivity analysis showed that even with variations around ±30% in the most influential characteristics the profitability was positive, which gives certainty to the producer as to the return on your investment.
RESUMOEsta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os fatores humanos e as condições de trabalho dos funcionários que atuavam nas indústrias de processamento de madeira localizadas na região centro-sul do estado do Paraná, visando à melhoria da saúde, do bem-estar, da segurança, do conforto e da produtividade dos trabalhadores. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas individuais e medições dos trabalhadores. Os resultados demonstraram que os trabalhadores que atuam nas indústrias de processamento de madeira apresentaram um perfil de pessoa jovem, de origem urbana, casados, com poucos filhos e possuidores de casa própria. Os resultados ainda indicaram que o tempo médio dos trabalhadores na empresa era relativamente longo (75,5 meses), enquanto o tempo na função foi de 40,7 meses. O percentual de consumidores de cigarros e de bebidas alcoólicas foi significativo. As maiores reclamações sobre dores no corpo foram relativas as lombalgias, em razão ao levantamento de excesso de peso e a adoção de posturas inadequadas. O percentual de acidentes de trabalho foi considerado elevado com 43,3%.Palavras-chave: fatores humanos, condições de trabalho e ergonomia. ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to analyze the human factors and the work conditions of the workers in various activities involved in the timber process industry, located in central-south of the Parana State, Brazil, aiming to improving health, wellbeing, safety, comfort and productivity. Data were collected through individual interviews and mensurations. The workers involved in timber process industry presented a profile of young men, of urban origin, married, with few children and house owner. The results also indicated that the workers time in the company was relatively long (75.5 months), while the time in the function was of 40.7 months. The percentage of cigarette and alcohol consumers was high. Most complaints about body pain were related to backaches, due to rising of weight excess and adoption of inadequate postures. The percentage of accidents was high.
The short fiber fluff cellulose industry, although it is still a recent technology in Brazil, given its use in the market for absorbent and disposable diapers, has been increasing in recent years. Regardless of the search for alternative sources of obtaining pulp with a higher degree of purity, the present work also aimed at reducing environmental impacts, focusing on the production of energy, replacing fossil fuels with waste generated in the process, such as biomass and black liquor. Making possible the implementation of a fluff pulp industry in the municipality of Teófilo Otoni/MG. The theoretical study followed the production process methodology involving the separation of cellulose from the other components of wood fibers, such as hemicellulose and lignin, using for that, wood short fiber. Within this context, it was possible to conclude that, with the product having a brightness of 85-95%, it will present 90% fibers and 10% water in its final composition. It is also anticipated that the industry will operate 24 hours daily. In this way, the industrial project is expected to produce 62.5 ton/h of work and through economic analysis, the return on investment was realized in the four-month period.
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