Recently, it was found that when confronted with major vessel occlusion and vascular failure, stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy might rapidly functionally improve minor vessels to take over the function of disabled major vessels, reorganize blood flow, and compensate failed vessel function. We focused on the BPC 157 therapy effect obtained by giving 10 ng/kg ip to rats 5 min before sacrifice on the rat thoracic aorta, which we assessed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 90 min thereafter. We applied a principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA model showed, with a clear distinction being mostly due to the PC1 score, differences between the spectra of BPC 157- and saline-treated rats. The comparison of the averaged spectra of these two groups with their differential spectrum and PC loadings allowed us to identify the parts of the FTIR spectra that contributed the most to the spectral separation of the two observed groups. The PC1 loadings and the differential spectrum showed that the main bands affecting the separation were the amid I band around 1650 cm−1, the amid II band around 1540 cm−1, and the vibrational band around 1744 cm−1. Fitting the spectral range between 1450 and 1800 cm−1 showed changes in protein conformation and confirmed the appearance of the vibrational band at 1744 cm−1. Controls had a substantially more intense vibrational band at 1744 cm−1. These spectral results showed the cells from saline-treated (control) rats to be in the early stage of cell death, while the samples from BPC 157-rats were protected. Thus, BPC 157 therapy changed the lipid contents and protein secondary structure conformation, with a rapid effect on vessels, within a short time upon application.

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From the rats treated with stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (10ng/kg ip) or saline (5ml/kg ip) at 5 min before sacrifice, the spectra of thoracic aorta tissue samples were compared. From each rat, 20 samples were cut and FTIR spectra were recorded. Vibrational spectra of the samples were recorded with a Perkin‐Elmer Spectrum GX spectrometer equipped with liquid N2 refrigerated Mercury Cadmium Telluride (MCT) detector. Data were acquired in 450 ‐ 4000 cm‐1 spectral range, in transmission mode with a resolution of 4 cm‐1. First, all recorded spectra were baseline corrected and normalized. Then we utilized the principal component analysis (PCA) to examine the possibility of separating BPC treated and control samples on a PCA score‐score graph. Using 100 spectra of BPC treated and 100 spectra of control samples, a PCA model was made. As seen in Figure 1, there is a clear distinction, mostly due to the PC1 score, between spectra of BPC treated (red) from the control group (green). To identify the parts of FTIR spectra that contributed the most to the separation between BPC treated and the control group of spectra differential spectrum was calculated and compared with PC1 loadings. Differential spectrum and PC loadings show that main bands responsible for separation of the BPC treated and control sample spectra are in the range from 930‐1200 cm‐1, then vibrational bands at 1660 cm‐1,1730 cm‐1, 1120 cm‐1 and in the range from 2840 – 3090 cm‐1. In the first range, there are three vibrational bands at 968 cm‐1, 1087 cm‐1 and 1240 cm‐1 that belong to P‐O symmetric and asymmetric vibrations in nucleic acids respectably, and vibrational band 1170 cm‐1 that belongs to C‐O and C‐O‐C stretching vibrations of carbohydrate. The vibrational band at 1660cm‐1 belongs to amid I stretching vibrations of proteins, and the last range of spectral lines belongs to C‐H symmetric and asymmetric C‐H, C‐H2 and C‐H3 vibrations in lipids. The line at 1730 cm‐1 that is very pronounced in control group spectra is C‐O symmetric vibration in fatty acids. Most prominent difference between BPC treated and control group was observed region of C‐H vibrations of lipids and vibrational line at 1730 cm‐1 of fatty acids. Thus, different FTIR spectra evidenced that BPC treatment causes changes of the tissue at molecular level.