No abstract

Research shows that the accelerated economic movement towards a more intelligent model of development and rapid dissemination of knowledge contributes to the emergence of new modern logistics technologies and approaches to managing global supply chains. The dominant feature of the sustainable development of transport services is the invariant concept of management, the basis of which is the socioecological and economic model. Indicators of the transport sector show a decline in volumes of transportation, but the positive dynamics of growth is demonstrated by the agrarian sector, which produces half of all export volumes and provides one third of the currency revenues of the state.Factors that inhibit the effective functioning of the logistics chain are revealed. In particular, the technological orientation of railways, mainly on route transportation, highlighted the problem of uneven development of ports at ports and railway ports, as well as inconsistencies in grain volumes in Stevedoring companies’ deals with real port facilities. In fact, there is a schedule of seasonal fluctuations in the transportation of cereals, in particular, their absence for 3-4 months per year.The rational model of management and intellectualization of grain supply logistic chain, which takes into account the indicators of artificial neural network forecasting and seasonal grain transportation parameter, is proposed.

Introduction Despite the existing potential of freight capacity of rail, sea and river transport, their interaction is still in need of improvement. Given the high growth rates of international container traffic, Ukraine's transport infrastructure requires immediate modernization and investment in the technical and economic condition in a context of intense competition with foreign transport companies and ports. Aim and tasks is to identify and substantiate the possibilities of improving the mechanism of organization of multimodal transportation in accordance with the latest trends and ensuring the further sustainable development of multimodal cargo transportation, etc. Research results. It established that at the present stage, multimodal transport covers not only technological aspects of coordinated work of different types of transport, but also concerns economic, organizational and legal provision of transport process, efficient functioning of transport infrastructure, optimal use of vehicles and cargo units during traffic flow. The article investigates the theoretical basis of multimodal transport, defines the general principles of the multimodal transportation system functioning, raises the grounds for the possible development of multimodal transport and improvement of the transport industry in Ukraine, as well as increasing the competitiveness of domestic enterprises. The methodical provisions of multimodal transport development in Ukraine offered. Conclusion. Today it is necessary to introduce new principles of formation and coordination of state policy in the field of transport, creation of conditions for ensuring control over the quality of performance of the functions of the relevant executive authorities. Organization of multimodal transport, which will be carried out by a single operator on a single transport document and through a freight rate, will increase the quality of transport and logistic services, will ensure a high level of reliability and security of international freight delivery chains.

To enhance the efficiency of management of enterprises in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to improve logistic processes of delivery of livestock and crop production in the implementation of international road transportation. Delivery of cargo "just in time" is very important, so transportation time planning is relevant and allows reducing costs. The process of planning the delivery of perishable goods was described. The spread of the required time is presented for transportation with a varied degree of stochasticity. It was found that the specifics of customs clearance affect the availability of a certain minimum time required for such a procedure. The time of customs clearance of cargo and delay time affect the deadline for cargo registration in international road transportation. The widest spread of time is observed by the procedure of customs clearance of cargoes that takes from 12 to 25 hours, and the probability of customs clearance is only 0.435. Accordingly, this affects a decrease in indicators of "just in time" delivery. The functional dependence of the probability of transit time not exceeding the planned time was compared, depending on the data of the specified route. Based on probabilistic analysis, the possibility of unplanned deviations from the estimated terms of each stage was taken into account and the optimal set of time intervals, which allow obtaining the optimal probability of "just in time" delivery, was proposed. The total cargo delivery time does not change. The recommendations on formulating the requirements for road transport enterprises were given. Namely, to strengthen the requirements for the time of cargo transit. These requirements include the average speed of motion, the choice of appropriate transport, planning the route in terms of the speed mode of highways, etc.

Аннотация. В статье рассмотрены проблемы выявления сущности и оценки кадровых рисков в системе управления персоналом (СУП) предприятия. Предложенная шкала оценки интегрального уровня кадрового риска позволяет оценить силу влияния кадровых рисков, вероятность их проявления в зависимости от этапа управления персоналом: набора и отбора персонала, адаптации, обучения и развития, мотивации, оценки, контроля и увольнения персонала. Предлагаемый методический подход к оценке кадровых рисков в системе управления предприятием позволяет отслеживать изменение интегрального уровня кадрового риска СУП по направлениям влияния отдельных угроз; сравнивать предприятия по интегральному уровню кадрового риска СУП; разрабатывать рекомендации, направленные на снижение кадровых рисков СУП предприятия. Пример использования методики оценки кадровых рисков СУП приведен на материалах ООО «Преиз» г. Харькова. Ключевые слова: риск, кадровый риск в системе управления персоналом, управление кадровым риском, оценка кадрового риска, интегральный показатель кадрового риска.