The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanical properties of the composite whey edible film with the addition of clove oil and different types of plasticizers. This research was conducted as a laboratory experiment and the variables observed were the mechanical properties of the composite whey edible film. This research was conducted using a Factorial Completely Randomized Design consisting of Factor A (clove oil concentration: 5%; 10% and 15%) and Factor B (a type of plasticizer): sorbitol and polyethylene glycol. The results showed that the percentage value of elongation with the use of clove oil was 46.00-63.01% and the use of plasticizers resulted in 49.56-57.33%. The value of tensile strength using clove oil resulted in 7.76-7.9 N and the use of plasticizers from 7.74-8.05N. WVTR film with the use of clove oil 7,00-7,31 g/m2.day-1 and the use of plasticizer resulted in a value of 7,09-7,16 g/m2.day-1, for the microstructures showed a film surface that still showed oil droplets and no homogenization process but no cracks occurred in the film. Composite whey edible film with the addition of clove oil and a different type of plasticizer can produce good film mechanical properties.

Paradigm contradictions, conflicts of interest, and the synchronization of agricultural development that occurs also affect the irregularity of progress, which creates an agricultural system that is less environmentally friendly. Thus, the presence of the Agroforestry paradigm provides alternative solutions that are synthesized on economic, social, and environmental sustainability. The purpose of the study was to determine the financial feasibility of several combined agroforestry patterns. The study was conducted in Boalemo Regency in April 2018. The data were analyzed based on the value of NPV, BCR, and IRR (16.23%). The results show that the combinations that are feasible with NPV, BCR and IRR values are Food-Plantation-Forestry (Rp.388,425,185), (1.77), (87.65%); Food-Plantation-Forestry-Horticulture (Rp.1,253,822,148), (4.50), (216.58%); Plantation-Forestry (Rp.144,707,388), (1.52), (56.48%); Plantation-Forestry-Horticulture (Rp.718,374,087), (3.77), (129.57%) and those that are not suitable for cultivation are Food-Forestry combinations (Rp.- 52,006,231), (0.49), and (5.71%). To make it feasible to cultivate, farmers can choose types of plants that have commercial value. This indicates that the accuracy in choosing the pattern of plant combinations and the suitability of adapting to the agroecosystem will increase the success of the applied agroforestry system.