Banks are one of the main contributors of economic growth. Whilst carrying their role as a catalyst of economic growth, banks may cause indirect damage to the environment and neglect part of the society. In the process they evade themselves from the socio- environmental responsibilities. In search of sustainable development through banking requires a new form of banking. The alternative source of banking has emerged to address these issues of environmental and societal sustainability. The new criteria for a knowledgeable shareholder/customer planning for investments/relationships with a bank would be the objective of the bank for environmental and societal sustainability. Banks are moving from profit centered banking to socio-environment centered banking. The ultimate objective is to achieve not only economic gains but societal and environmental gains as well. Hence; a form of banking based on values emerged and are called Ethical Banks. These banks promote ethical and responsible behaviors among their stakeholders. Ethical Banks like any other conventional Bank engages in whole gamut of banking operations. It operates with more transparency. Ethical Banking has many sustainable criteria, Responsible Investments, Values based Banking, Financial Inclusion, Environmental Sustainability and Sustainable Economic Gains. Ethical Banking is gaining popularity especially among the western part of the world. As the world is heading towards sustainability, Ethical banking is the most suitable banking model for the future. The subject of Ethical Banking is new to this part of the world. Therefore, many researches on this subject were done in the western world. Very few researches are available in Asian context. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Ethical banking would be the future of banking through a literature review. The study is a desk research in the form of a literature review based on literature published between 1989-2019. The significance of the study is to find out whether Ethical Banking could contribute to socio-environmentally sustainable growth as the future of banking. Based on the literature reviewed, it can be concluded that Ethical banking could be the future of Baking for a sustainable world. Keywords: Ethical Banking, Value Based Banking, Financial Inclusion, Sustainable Development Environmental Sustainability
Banks are expected to play a major role in socio -economic and environmental progress of a country; yet, they have by and large neglected their societal and environmental responsibilities, thereby contributing mainly towards economic gains. As such, banks were blamed by civil society for not doing enough for the environment etc. They were also found wanting in providing services to lesserprivileged sections of society, thus unfairly excluding the category from the benefits of basic financial services. The economic downturn exacerbated their plight and exposed the banking sector's irresponsible attitude. Naturally, there has been a public outcry for banks to act more responsibly in the future. The mood of the public seemed to reflect the yearning for an alternate banking model, in order to discharge social, environmental and economic responsibilities effectively. As a result, an Ethical Banking came to be accepted as an alternative, as this model encompasses all three elements -economy, environment and society. Ethical Banking strives to achieve the triple bottom line -planet, people and profit. These banks envisage financial inclusion and also deliver eco-friendly banking solutions to customers. The main objective of this study is to determine whether ethical banking has the potential to be the future of banking. The significance of the study is also to find out how ethical banking may be adapted as the most suitable banking concept of the future. This study is a desk research, in the form of a literature review. The review identifies that Ethical Banking holds the potential to be the future of banking. The outcome of this research, highlights the importance of banking to be ethically oriented, in order to maintain sustainability for the future.
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