The experience of conducting the developmental evaluation clinic for children between 2 and 10 y has shown that a team consisting of developmental therapist, speech therapist, preschool teacher, special educator, clinical child psychologist and developmental pediatrician, using appropriate test results of the child could make a clinical diagnosis good enough for providing early intervention therapy using a home based intervention package.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the targeted molecular markers in many cancers including lung malignancies. Gefitinib and erlotinib are two available therapeutics that act as specific inhibitors of tyrosine kinase (TK) domains. We performed a case-control study with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (FFPE) from tissue biopsies of 167 non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients and 167 healthy controls. The tissue biopsies were studied for mutations in exons 18-21 of the EGFR gene. This study was performed using PCR followed by DNA sequencing. We identified 63 mutations in 33 men and 30 women. Mutations were detected in exon 19 (delE746-A750, delE746-T751, delL747-E749, delL747-P753, delL747-T751) in 32 patients, exon 20 (S786I, T790M) in 16, and exon 21 (L858R) in 15. No mutations were observed in exon 18. The 63 patients with EFGR mutations were considered for upfront therapy with oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drugs and have responded well to therapy over the last 15 months. The control patients had no mutations in any of the exons studied. The advent of EGFR TKI therapy has provided a powerful new treatment modality for patients diagnosed with NSCLC. The study emphasizes the frequency of EGFR mutations in NSCLC patients and its role as an important predictive marker for response to oral TKI in the south Indian population.
global economy held in Wollongong, Aus-tralia, in June 2000, constitute most useful contributions to the literature on SMEs and provide a good understanding of East Asian SME operations and their environment, both prior to and after the crisis. The first volume, as mentioned earlier, deals with generic issues, such as financing and trade finance, FDI in the presence of political risk, SMEs' role in diffusion of technology, information technology and electronic commerce, and business relationships and networks in the Asia-Pacific region. The second volume analyzes the SME situation and issues in the context of their own individual countries.The book is divided into four parts, based upon the level of economic development of the countries. The first part focuses on China and Vietnam-the economies in transition from planned to market economies-and the Philippines. The second part deals with the newly industrialized economies of Southeast Asia-Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The third part focuses on Korea and Taiwan-newly industrializing economies which were distinguished by the way they looked at the SME role in economic development. Korea initially put its thrust mainly on large industrial conglomerates but was later forced by the crisis to foster development of SMEs, whereas Taiwan placed its emphasis on development of internationallyoriented SMEs. The fourth part of the book looks at the most advanced economies of the region-Australia, Japan, New Zealand, and Singapore. Separate chapters are devoted to individual economies. The issues analyzed in these individual studies are: the significance of the SME sector within the economy; access to finance; the role and significance of networking in business operation; business acumen, culture and entrepreneurship; human resource development; technology transfer processes; use of information technology ; impact of electronic commerce; policy framework in support; extent of globalization of the sector; and the specific impact of the Asian crisis on the sector. The overall purpose is to enable conducting international comparative analysis and deriving lessons for possible policy interventions.
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