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A multistage dynamic optimization methodology with sequential implementation procedure is proposed, and the evolutionary optimizing features of differential evolution (DE) are exploited to implement the methodology for optimal control of a semi-batch copolymerization reactor. DE is designed and implemented to determine the optimal control policies for monomer addition rate and reactor temperature to produce a polymer with the desired copolymer composition and molecular weight distribution. Further, a similar multistage dynamic optimization strategy based on iterative dynamic programming is used for optimal control of copolymerization reactor and to compare with DE. The results show the effectiveness of the DE-based multistage dynamic optimization strategy in determining the optimal control policies that yield the desired polymer product characteristics. Figure 6. Process responses for monomer feed policy. P. ANAND, CH. VENKATESWARLU AND M. BHAGVANTH RAO Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 694

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We present the results of measured heat transfer coefficients for different sodium car boxy methyl cellulose concentrations at two different lengths of coil L=2.82m, L=2.362m and with two different heat inputs 1.0kW and 1.5kW. Test solutions of sodium car boxy methyl cellulose concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15% and 0.2% were used in our experimental runs. The rheological properties like flow behavior index, consistency index and viscosity data were measured experimentally using Rotating Cylinder Method for the test solutions used. Correlations are presented for Newtonian and non Newtonian fluids in laminar flow conditions. Individual heat transfer coefficients of the helical coil has been evaluated using modified Wilson Plot at different flow rates. A helical coil with diameter D=156mm, constant pitch=6mm and having three turns was used in our study. A four flat blade paddle impeller was used to verify the mixed fluid, under unsteady heating of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in an flat bottom agitated vessel without baffles. The curvature ratio δ= 0.04102 is maintained constant. A Kanthal Heating Element Equipment have been design and fabricated to optimize the heating of the fluids in an agitated vessel.