Several studies have appeared in the literature to support the hypothesis of a differential incidence of twin births according to the antigenic structure of maternal erythrocytes (Gedda, 1961).Osborne and DeGeorge (1957) wrote that twin births exhibit a higher incidence when mothers belong to group O, as compared to other groups within the ABO system; a similarly increased incidence of twin births was indicated for rh-negative mothers within the Rh-Hr system.The availability of a large number of immunohematological data concerning twin pairs and nontwin individuals examined in our Institute have encouraged us to verify whether this material could reveal some a posteriori effect of the selective tendencies that have been related to the parental level.Limiting our study in this phase to the ABO system, we have collected data on 1190 twin individuals and 1454 nontwin individuals, for all of whom the ABO blood group had been recorded.The first step in our analysis was the perequation of the nontwin distribution to the twin distribution, obtaining the figures reported in the column “controls” in Tab. I.
Multiple pregnancies reach full term only in a remarkably lower percentage with respect to single pregnancies. Even in the case of multiparae, delivery occurs some three weeks before term. Complications may concern either pregnancy and puerperium or delivery. The former include (1) abortions, especially frequent in the case of monoplacental and monochorial pregnancies; (2) rarer events, such as hydramnios, placenta praevia, association of an ectopic pregnancy with an intrauterine pregnancy, molar degeneration of one egg with normal development of the other; (3) gestoses of the first and second trimester, more frequent than in single pregnancy; and (4) higher incidence, during puerperium, of hemorrhage, phlebitis, and uterine subinvolution. With respect to delivery, normal delivery only occurs in approximately 70% of twin pregnancies, the period of dilatation being generally longer than normal. Better assistance and techniques during labor and especially in the interval between delivery of first and second twin have remarkably reduced the higher mortality rate, especially for the second twin.
Sotto l'egida dei Professori dell'Universita di Austin nel Texas che comprende anche il M. D.Anderson Hospital e ITstituto dei Tumori e stato dato alle stampe un magnifico volume, frutto di una vasta e qualificata schiera di collaboratori.Si tratta in sostanza dei lavori presentati al 14° Simposio annuale sulle ricerche fondamentali in cancerologia da autori particolarmente scelti. Ad ogni capitolo corrisponde una discreta bibliografia dell'argomento trattato. Dopo la breve introduzione del Prof. Clark, direttore e chirurgo dell'Anderson Hospital, il libro puo essere diviso in sei parti principali, di cui ognuna contiene vari capitoli.La prima parte riguarda: il Nucleo della Cellula e contiene i seguenti capitoli: comportamento cromosomico nelle cellule tumorali di P. C. Koller; i cromosomi del sesso nelle cellule tumorali maligne, determinazione del sesso aberrante di Yerganian, R. Kato, M. J. Leonard, H. J. Gagnon, and L. A. Grodzins; gli studi sperimentali sui nucleoli di M. J. Kopac; la microscopia elettronica del nucleo di M. L. Watson.
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