Synthetic polymers belonging to the aliphatic polyester group have become highly promising biomaterials for reconstructive medicine. The purpose of the present work is a biological evaluation of lactide-glycolide co-polymer (PLGA) and its composites with carbon fibers (PLGA+CF) or hydroxyapatite (PLGA+HA). The cytotoxicity of the evaluated materials towards hFOB 1.19 human osteoblast-like cells was assessed. Moreover, during the one-year contact of the assessed materials with living osseous tissue, the progress of bone formation was analyzed and the accompanying process of the materials’ degradation was evaluated. The materials under evaluation proved to be biocompatible.

To analyze the reconstruction of inferior orbital wall with the use of bone graft harvested from anterior maxillary wall. Medical University of Silesia, Chair of Maxillofacial Surgery. Eighteen patients, aged between 16 and 64 years (15 men and 3 women), with posttraumatic orbital floor defects were treated. The technique was applied in 18 patients with defect in orbital inferior wall. In 11 patients, it was "blowout" fracture, and in 7 cases, the orbital wall fracture accompanied the zygomatico-orbital fracture. Bone transplant after fracture revision covered the orbital floor. Primary outcomes were scored during the operation for passive eyeball movement. Secondary outcomes were estimated (i.e., radiograms, healing of the wound, correct sight, and eyeball mobility). In all cases, full improvement was affirmed, and there was no postoperative complication of any type. Our study indicates that the maxillary bone graft technique is a good and simple orbital floor reconstruction method. Shortening of surgery time and limitation of operative procedures are advantages of this method.

In this study the influence of short carbon fibres (CF) on mechanical properties and degradation time of the lactide-glycolide co-polymer (PGLA) and on the mechanism of bone ingrowth into the implants was determined. Mechanical properties and push-out tests were measured. The pH of solutions and the implants' weights were tested after incubation in Ringer fluid. Analysis was based upon FT-IR and SEM with EDS studies. Pathological examinations were also performed. The in vitro examination revealed that carbon fibres accelerated polymer degradation process and increased the mechanical strength of polymer. In the case of PGLA + CF under in vivo conditions, initially, the superficial polymer degradation with new tissue in-growth was observed. Next, the degradation process included also the inner part of the implant, while the bone began to grow on exposed carbon fibres. In the case of pure PGLA the growth of soft tissue can be observed at the bone-implant interface and in the implant area. Our research indicates that PGLA + CF composite can be used in bone surgery as a short-term multifunctional load-bearing implant, which initially provides a mechanical support. During the time of controlled resorption of PGLA, carbon fibres act as a scaffold for the bone growth.

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Streszczenie: Współcześnie profilaktyka w medycynie stała się niemal tak ważna, jak leczenie. W stomatologii również ma to swoje uzasadnienie. Frekwencja i intensywność próchnicy wciąż są na wysokim poziomie, a odsetek osób bezzębnych utrzymuje się na stałym wysokim poziomie. Świadomość prozdrowotna Polaków jest więc wciąż niewystarczająca. Wielu pacjentów posiada mylne przekonanie, że wraz z utratą zębów własnych ustaje potrzeba dbania o higienę jamy ustnej. Konieczne jest więc zwrócenie na nią uwagi. W celu zbadania świadomości pacjentów bezzębnych użytkujących protezy całkowite w zakresie higieny jamy ustnej i uzupełnień protetycznych przeprowadzono anonimową ankietę w grupie 80 osób. Kwestionariusz zawierał dziesięć krótkich pytań między innymi o poziom higieny uzębienia przed jego utratą, częstotliwość i sposób mycia protez, długość noszenia protez w ciągu doby, a także sposób ich przechowywania po wyjęciu z jamy ustnej. Na końcu PERIODYK NAUKOWY AKADEMII POLONIJNEJ 17 (2016) nr 2