Background: In December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), or COVID-19, raised worldwide concern. Since then, the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively influenced health and wellness across the globe and caused nearly three million deaths. This study focuses on informal caregivers of people with dementia, a disease that affects about 50 million older adults worldwide and requires much caregiving support. Objective: Examine the current literature on the impact of COVID-19 on the health and well-being of informal caregivers for people with dementia. Method: This rapid review was conducted across five electronic databases for quantitative and qualitative articles published through March 15, 2021. Results: The 10 studies included in this review reported quantitative descriptive data from across the globe; however, no studies existed from the U.S. or East Asia countries. All of the studies examined the psychological rather than physical impact of COVID-19 and highlighted risk and protective factors in the areas of psychosocial (resilience, neuropsychiatric, and social isolation), sociodemographic (gender and education), and environmental (home confinement, living arrangement, and dementia stage). Conclusion: COVID-19 has had a considerable negative impact on the psychological well-being of informal caregivers of people with dementia, namely causing more depression and anxiety than pre-pandemic.

This study explores the decision-making process for implementing and continuing health promotion programs at small to midsized businesses to inform health promotion practitioners and researchers as they market their services to these businesses. Qualitative interviews are conducted with 24 employers located in the Pacific Northwest ranging in size from 75 to 800 employees, with the majority having between 100 and 200 employees. Small to midsized employers depend most on company success-related factors rather than on humanitarian motives when deciding whether to adopt workplace health promotion programs. They rely heavily on health insurers for health promotion and desire more information about the actual costs and cost-benefits of programs. To increase health promotion adoption at small to midsized businesses, health promotion practitioners should appeal to overall company success-related factors, use the insurance channel, and target their information to both human resource personnel and senior management.

Working insured adults are not meeting recommendations for health behaviors. Significant disparities in health behaviors related to socioeconomic status exist among this group. Employers and insurers should consider these poor health behaviors and disparities when designing insurance benefits addressing clinical preventive services utilization and workplace health promotion programs addressing lifestyle-related behaviors.

No abstract

There is a lack of access to mental health care in rural areas of the United States. One potential strategy for increasing access and improving health outcomes for rural dwellers is offering hybrid psychiatric care, a combination of in-person and telepsychiatry services. Although prior research has shown telepsychiatry can help overcome access barriers, there is a lack of research on the use of hybrid care for patients in rural areas following an inpatient admission or an emergency department visit—a time when many patients are in high need of follow-up care. The aim of this project was to examine process and outcome measures associated with mental health to determine the effectiveness of delivering hybrid care to Medicaid-covered patients in rural Missouri following an inpatient admission or an emergency department visit. Data from 242 patients were analyzed using a retrospective quasi-experimental design. The group with hybrid telepsychiatry plus in-person visits had improved timeliness of care and increased number of total outpatient encounters compared to the group with in-person visits only, indicating hybrid care may be more effective than in-person visits alone are. The current study suggests that offering telepsychiatry can help close the gap in access to mental health care between rural and urban populations, particularly during the time after an inpatient admission or an emergency department visit. As telepsychiatry service options continue to grow, making this delivery mode available to rural populations may have a positive impact on mental health outcomes in the United States.