The genetic variation of orosomucoid (ORM1 and ORM2) in three southwestern European populations (Galicia, Spanish Basque Country and northern Portugal) was investigated using hybrid isoelectric focusing. Three common ORM1 alleles were observed in these populations, the frequencies of ORM1*S observed in Galicia and northern Portugal being the highest found among populations of European origin. Rare variants were observed for both the ORM1 and ORM2 loci.

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The correlation between ORM phenotypes in untreated serum and ORM phenotypes after isoelectric focusing of neuraminidase-treated serum is demonstrated. ORM subtypes were determined using isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients. Population genetic studies of ORM polymorphism in the Galician population were also carried out.

Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT), esterase D (EsD), and plasminogen (PLG) phenotypes were determined by isoelectric focusing in thin-layer polyacrylamide gels (PAGIF) in a random sample from Galicia. Haptoglobins (Hp) were determined by conventional electrophoresis. The following gene frequencies were observed: for GALT: GALTN: 0.930; GALTD1: 0.044; GALTD2: 0.025; for EsD: EsD1: 0.874; EsD2: 0.104; EsD3: 0.021; for PLG: PLG1: 0.800; PLG2: 0.199; for Hp: Hp1: 0.426; Hp2: 0.573. Population data results of all electrophoretic markers typed until now in Galician population are also included.

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