No abstract

Spécialiste qualifiée en Orthopédie dento-faciale 2 Chirurgien maxillo-facial 3 Praticien hospitalier 4 Pratique privée RÉSUMÉ Le patient ortho-chirurgical est un patient dont la prise en charge est particulière, souvent source d'appréhension pour l'orthodontiste. En effet, au

No abstract

No abstract

SUMMARYEvolution into human bipedalism required major anatomical changes: the human body gradually specialized from head to foot to standing upright, bipedal walking, and bipedal running. The inherent constraints in this type of locomotion (compression and parasagittal movements) have contributed to decreased balance, requiring skeletal modifications but also an improvement of the nervous system for energy-saving purposes. The influence of the Earth's gravity was essential, and the axial skeleton has transformed in response to gravity constraints 5 . With the exception of human beings, no primate has signs of specialization to bipedalism. The comparison with other primates, and more specifically the great apes, highlights the morphological differences in each skeletal stage. These differences, which are related to each other, offer to bipedal humans a position of stability, balance, and energy conservation.