Hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding of rats on a high cholesterol diet (HCD) that contains cholesterol (1%), bile salts (0.25%) and coconut butter (15%) to evaluate the protective effect of steroidal saponins extracted from fenugreek and asparagus, and triterpenoidal saponins extracted

Acute renal failure (ARF) was induced by glycerol or paracetamol in experimental rats to evaluate the curative effects of gum Arabic and Boswellia sp. through different blood biochemical assays and hematological analyses. Results revealed presence of significant (P<0.05) increases in the levels of urea, creatinine, potassium (K

This study was performed to prepare nano turmeric powder (NTP) by ultrafine grinding from raw turmeric powder (RTP). In addition, evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity of RTP and NTP extracts with Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), Ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol. The results revealed that ultrafine grinding has effectively milling the turmeric particles to nanoscale. Prepared turmeric nanoparticles were spherical in shape with particle size range from 25-148 nm. The prepared NTP showed decrease in water holding capacity after the grinding treatment. On the other hand, the swelling capacity of NTP was higher than those of RTP. The results of antioxidant activity conducted on successive extracts showed significantly (P≤0.05) increasing as affected by ultrafine grinding. Results of antioxidant activity carried out according to the DPPH • radical scavenging showed that free radical scavenging activity of NTP exhibited significantly (P≤0.05) stronger radical scavenging activity compared to RTP. The IC 50 values of RTP and NTP were 21.45 and 7.82 (mg); respectively. Ultrafine grinding treatment significantly (P≤0.05) increased the radical scavenging abilities of NTP extracts on ABTS •+ radicals 739.26 mM TE at concentration of (5 mg/ml), compared to 311.18 mM TE. The IC 50 values of RTP and NTP for ABTS •+ were 237.75 and 442.35 mM TE/g; respectively. It means NTP was considered a special natural material rich in polyphenols with a strong antioxidant function.

Hyperprolactinaemia is the occurrence of an endocrine disorder that leads to an increase in the level of the hormone prolactin (PRL) in the blood above normal levels in cases other than the natural increase in pregnancy and lactation. It may be present as the menstrual disturbances, galactorrhea, sexual dysfunction, gynecomastia, infertility, decreased bone mineral density, and breast cancer. This increase results from several causes that may be pathological such as pituitary tumors, psychological such as stress, or as a result of taking a specific drug such as schizophrenia, anti-vomiting drugs, nerve analgesics, first-generation antipsychotics, hypnotics, and sedatives. Hyperprolactinaemia by metoclopramide was induced in male and female rats to assess the therapeutic effects of alcoholic extracts of sage leaves, marjoram leaves and celery seeds. Through the biochemical analysis of blood hormones, the results showed that treating rats with metoclopramide drug (150 mg / kg / day) for a week had an effect on the positive control group in the occurrence of hyperprolactinaemia compared to the negative control group at the beginning of the experiment. The results indicated that there was a significant effect (P<0.05) for the three plant extracts namely marjoram leaves, sage leaves and celery seeds ( 250 mg / kg / day) for 30 days, to reduce the prolactin hormone in the blood and also to maintain the level of the rest of the sex hormones (progesterone (PRG), estrogen (E2), testosterone (TST), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH)) without causing any disturbance in males and females in comparison to the group of drug used in the experiment. To treat this condition bromocriptine (Dopamine receptors agonist) is used. The rats returned to normal case after the appearance of the rats' recovery after taking the extracts during the trial period. This effect may be due to estrogen receptors and /or dopamine receptor.

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