Prolonged ingress of heavy metals into the organisms of animals, even in low concentrations, causes a number of toxic impacts, affecting various organs and systems. The objective of this study was to research parameters of enzymatic and non-enzymatic links of the system of antioxidant protection of the organism of young cattle in the condition of lead-cadmium load and the effect of Metisevit Plus feed additive. Studies were conducted on the basis of the Private Agricultural Company “Ukraina”, located in Dubrovytsia district of Rivne Oblast, using 12 six-month old bulls of Ukrainian Black Pied Dairy breed divided into two groups, each consisting of 6 animals. Bulls of the control group received the standard diet. The bulls of the experimental group were fed with Metisevit Plus feed additive in the dose of 0.5 g/kg of feed. The contents of lead and cadmium in feed at the enterprise were determined to be high. According to the conducted studies, it was determined that in conditions of cadmium and lead load, there is a decrease in activity of glutathione link of the system of antioxidant protection of the organism of bulls. Feeding the bulls of the experimental group with Metisevit Plus feed additive for 30 days led to increase in the levels of non-enzymatic and enzymatic activities of the glutathione system. Significant increase in the level of reduced glutathione was recorded on days 30 and 40 of the experiment. Consumption of Metisevit Plus by the animals of the experimental group promoted increase in the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase starting on the 20th day of the experiment. On days 30 and 40 of the experiment, the activity of the studied enzymes ranged within the physiological values. Therefore, the studies conducted on the bulls indicate that in the conditions of cadmium and lead load the feed additive Metisevit Plus fed to the bulls activated the system of antioxidant protection by increasing the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic links. When feeding bulls of the experimental group with Metisevit Plus feed additive, we determined significant decreases in diene conjugates and TBA-active products in their blood starting already on the 10th day of the experiment. On days 20 and 30 of the experiment, the level of diene conjugates in the blood of animals of the experimental group decreased by 14.5% and 24.0%. Efficiency of the feed additive may be explained by the effect of its constituents on the main pathogenic links of the pathological process caused by cadmium and lead. As indicated in the studies, liquidation of the syndrome of endogenous intoxication restores the functional condition of cellular membranes of the liver, protein-synthesizing function of the liver, increases the antioxidant status of the organisms of bulls. The studies we conducted confirm the expedience of using feed additive Metisevit Plus to prevent lead-cadmium toxicosis.

The article studied the dependence of productive qualities and feed cost on the growth of pigs during rearing and fattening with partial (50 %) and complete (100 %) replacement of soybean meal with high-protein protein concentrate “Proglot” in the diet. It was established that the use of partial and complete replacement of soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate in the rearing of piglets led to a decrease in the growing intensity of piglets by 0.87 % with partial and 4.95 % with total replacement. And as a result of a decrease in live weight by 0.3 % at the end of the growing period with a partial and by 1.2 % with a complete replacement of soybean products with sunflower in the starter compound feed. At the same time, feed conversion turned out to be the best in the group of animals that partially replaced soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate – 2.30 kg, which is 1.41 % better than in animals that consumed soybean meal in the starter feed and by 5.37 % compared to animals in which this meal was completely replaced by high-protein sunflower concentrate. Replacing soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate made it possible to reduce the cost of 1 kg of feed by 2.24 % when it was partially replaced and by 4.57 % when it was replaced entirely. The feed cost of 1 kg of growth in piglets that consumed feed with a partial replacement of soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate decreased by 3.64 % and by 3.47 % in animals that completely replaced soybean meal with this product. Animals whose diet was replaced entirely with soybean meal by high-protein sunflower concentrate had the lowest feed cost per head. According to this indicator, they outnumbered peers with partial replacement by 3.83 % and 4.33 %, where such replacement was not done. Animals whose diet was replaced entirely with soybean meal by high-protein sunflower concentrate had the lowest feed cost per head for the entire experiment period. According to this indicator, they were 3.14 % better than their peers, partially replaced by 5.25 %. It was not carried out. The index of fattening qualities of pigs was the highest in pigs with partial replacement of soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate, 31.2 points. In contrast, in animals with the complete replacement, it was 9.75 % lower, and by 2.74 %, and in analogs with such replacement was not conducted. A clear tendency to increase the intensity of growth of piglets was established with the combined use (50/50 %) of soybean meal and high-protein sunflower concentrate. However, the use of only high-protein sunflower concentrate probably reduces this indicator. It was determined that replacing soybean meal with high-protein protein concentrate “Proglot” reduces the cost of feed and, as a result, the cost of feed per unit of growth and per head of pigs after fattening.

The article studied the reproductive qualities of sows and the growth of piglets under one-phase and two-phase feeding of suckling piglets. This study aimed to determine the dependence of the intensity of growth and survival of suckling piglets and feed consumption for feeding them using super-pre-starter feed during two-phase feeding of hybrid suckling piglets of Irish origin. In the conditions of the industrial complex, a comparison was made of the use of pre-starter feed traditional for the farm when it was fed to piglets from the seventh to the twenty-first day of life and the super-pre-starter, which was fed from the second to the fourteenth day, with subsequent transfer to the feed traditional for farms with pre-starter fodder. The advantages of the nests of piglets, which were used in the post-sucking period, were two-phase feeding from the second to the fourteenth day with super-pre-starter feed with a gradual transfer from the fourteenth to the eighteenth day of life to feeding with the pre-starter combined feed traditional for the farm and its subsequent use before weaning over analogs with single-phase feeding, which from the seventh to the on the twenty-first day, the traditional pre-starter feed was fed according to the survival of piglets before weaning by 5.7 % and as a result, their number at the time of weaning was 10.3 % greater and with practically the same individual weight of the weaned piglets, by 9.1 % the weight of their litter during this period, in comparison with their analogs, which used single-phase feeding from the seventh to the twenty-first day with traditional pre-starter feed. There was no significant difference in the individual weight of piglets at weaning and the average daily growth of piglets in the weaning period. It has been proven that during two-phase feeding, piglets ate 46.6 kg less of the entire range of feed for suckling piglets, which was 34.5 % less per litter and 49.5 % less per head. The comprehensive index of reproductive qualities of sows was better by 2.3 points or 5.4 % in sows whose nests of piglets were fed in two phases compared to animals whose offspring were fed in one phase.

According to the results of the conducted research, a positive influence of the use of zinc proteinate on the dynamics of live weight and average daily growth of broiler chickens was set. The advantages of using zinc proteinate over sulfate are shown, and the defined prospects of its use in the content of compound feed for broiler chickens are determined. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that feeding zinc proteinate makes it possible to reliably increase the live weight and average daily growth of broiler chickens in different age periods of their growth. Thus, using zinc proteinate in doses corresponding to the input of 50 and 30 g of the element per 1 ton of compound feed increases the live weight of broiler chickens of the second and third experimental groups by 125.7 and 177.7 g or 5.1 and 7.2 %. The average daily weight gain for the entire growing period was: in chickens of the first control group, 58.4 g, in the second experimental group – 61.4 g, and in the third experimental group, 62.6 g. According to the results of the conducted scientific and economic experiment, it was set that the use of zinc proteinate in a dose corresponding to 30 g of the element per 1 ton of compound feed contributes to better use of feed nutrients, which leads to a probable increase in the average daily growth of broiler chickens starting from the second decade of cultivation while reducing costs fodder. Using zinc proteinate in a dose corresponding to 50 g of the element per 1 ton of compound feed also contributes to better use of feed nutrients. However, it leads to a probable increase in the average daily growth of broiler chickens only starting from the third decade of cultivation. According to the results of control weighings, it was found that the live weight of broiler chickens of experimental groups 2 and 3 began to exceed the live weight of broiler chickens of the control group starting from 14 days of age and until the end of fattening (Р < 0.05). The research showed the advantages of introducing zinc to compound feed in the form of proteinate over sulfate. The dose corresponding to introducing 30 g of the element per 1 ton of compound feed is more effective.

В статті викладені результати дослідження впливу часткової та повної заміни соєвого шроту високобілковим соняшниковим концентратом «Proglot», в умовах промислового свинокомплексу на забійні показники та якість туш відгодівельного молодняку свиней за забою з різними ваговими кондиціями. Вивчались якісні показники туш свиней за умови заміни під час дорощування та відгодівлі половини та всього соєвого шроту на високобілковий соняшниковий концентрат «Proglot». Встановлено, відсутність залежності забійної маси, забійного виходу, маси охолодженої туші та її довжини, товщини шпику над шостим-сьомим грудними хребцями, у холці, в грудях й крижах, площі «м’язового вічка» та маси задньої третини напівтуші часткової та повної заміни соєвого шроту на соняшниковий концентрат в раціоні свиней за передзабійних вагових категорій 100, 110 й 120 кг. Водночас підвищення передзабійної живої маси свиней із 100 до 120 кг, як за повної, так і часткової заміни соєвого шроту на соняшниковий концентрат, так і при згодовувані соєвого шроту в якості білкової складової призвело до підвищення забійної маси на 22,93–25,47%, товщини шпику на грудях на 39,13–41,40%, довжини напівтуші на 4,74–5,37%, площі «м’язового вічка» на 12,21–12,28%, маси задньої третини напівтуші на 14,53–22,12%, виходу сала на 24,89–23,77%. Тоді як за всіх раціонів у піддослідних тварин зменшився вихід м’яса на 7,29–6,42% та погіршився коефіцієнт м’ясності на 4,16–2,17% з підвищенням перед забійної живої маси з 100 до 120 кг. Встановлено вірогідний вплив передзабійної живої ваги на забійну масу – 55,30%, товщину шпику над 6–7 грудним хребцем – 35,92%, масу задньої третини напівтуші на 30,10%, на довжину напівтуші – 22,40%, товщину шпику на грудях – 21,12%, товщину шпику в крижах – на 18,57%, площу «м’язового вічка» – 15,99%, на забійний вихід – 8,40%. Водночас склад раціону годівлі вплинув на забійний вихід із силою – 12,6%, товщину шпику над 6–7 грудним хребцем – 4,34% на товщину шпику на грудях – 4,21%, довжину напівтуші – 2,87,товщину шпику в крижах – 1,01%, масу задньої третини напівтуші – 1,85%, забійну маса – 1,20% та не мали вірогідного впливу на площу «м’язового вічка» та товщина шпику в холці.