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S L' M M .\ R •^'Variations ol'terpenc, resin acid and total phenolic concentrutions in yuung seedlings of SiicitF. pine (Pinus sy L,) from nine different seed origins growing in three locations of different latitudes, in Finland and Kstonia, wert investigated in autumn 1991 and spring 1992. Seasonal variation uas remarkahle in monoterpene, resin acid and total phenolic concentrations. In spring there was more 3-carene, a-pinene, /^-pinene + sabinene and total monoterpenes m pine shoots, and less myrcene and tncyclerie compared to autumn. Concentrations of some individual resin acids, levopimaric and dehydroahietic acids, were higher in autumn. The total phenolic concentration vvas higher in spring. In the most northern location, the concentrations of total monoterpenes and total phenolics were lowest. The total resin acid concentration vvas highest in the middle location, and indi\idual resin acids, palustric and neoabietic acids, w ere more common in the most northern location. Seed origin had no significant effects either to the resin acid or total phenolic concentrations. There wt're almost equal concentrations of total phenolics and resin acids in northern and southern t)rigins. Instead some individual monoterpenes. limonene, tricyclene, camphene, /f-pinene + sabinene and hornylacetate, were more common in northern seed origins. The results suggest that the origin of the seed material is not so important in affecting the concentrations of secondary compounds as are the en\ ironmental factors.

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Recent invasion of foliage fungi of pines (Pinusspp.) to the Northern BalticsIn the wake of severe climatic extremes during recent years, several new invasive foliage fungi of pines have been reported in Estonia. In this paper the peculiarities of the fast dissemination process, particularly from south to north of two quarantined species,Mycosphaerella piniandM. dearnessii, but also ofDiplodia pineaandCyclaneusma minuson different host species are described. These species were known as destructive pathogens in several countries and continents. By today, the range ofM. pinihas already reached northern Finland. In its dissemination process we could follow, with the half-year steps, colonization of Estonia from south to north. Some micromorphological features of these alien species were investigated. Hypothetical risk for pine forests was shortly introduced.

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