Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most incident cancers worldwide but clinical and pathological parameters have limited ability to discriminate between clinically significant and indolent PCa. Altered expression of histone methyltransferases and histone methylation patterns are involved in prostate carcinogenesis. SMYD3 transcript levels have prognostic value and discriminate among PCa with different clinical aggressiveness, so we decided to investigate its putative oncogenic role on PCa.We silenced SMYD3 and assess its impact through in vitro (cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration, invasion assays) and in vivo (tumor formation, angiogenesis). We evaluated SET domain's impact in PCa cells' phenotype. Histone marks deposition on SMYD3 putative target genes was assessed by ChIP analysis.Knockdown of SMYD3 attenuated malignant phenotype of LNCaP and PC3 cell lines. Deletions affecting the SET domain showed phenotypic impact similar to SMYD3 silencing, suggesting that tumorigenic effect is mediated through its histone methyltransferase activity. Moreover, CCND2 was identified as a putative target gene for SMYD3 transcriptional regulation, through trimethylation of H4K20.Our results support a proto-oncogenic role for SMYD3 in prostate carcinogenesis, mainly due to its methyltransferase enzymatic activity. Thus, SMYD3 overexpression is a potential biomarker for clinically aggressive disease and an attractive therapeutic target in PCa.

Summary:megalovirus, as well as a low incidence of graft-versushost disease. 3,8,9 The major problem of long-term UCB banking is the One of the main problems for the establishment of umbilical cord blood (UCB) banks is the storage space storage space required for unprocessed units. Several attempts have been made to reduce the UCB volume withneeded for the frozen samples. The aim of this study was to find a method of reducing the volume of UCB out loss of progenitor cells. + + + cell quantification were done in whole blood and in the isorecovery of progenitor cells using rouleaux formation induced by 6% hydroxyethyl starch and centrifugation to lated fractions. The average volume of the 19 UCB samples processed was 103 ml. Separation by centrifugreduce both erythrocytes and plasma. Most of these techniques imply the addition of exogenous materials and are ation led to a mean volume reduction of 56% with red cell depletion of 59%. The white blood cell recovery was carried out in an open system with the risk of contamination. of 72% with a significant CD34 + + + cell recovery of 87%. This seems a promising method for cord blood volumeThe aim of this study was to find a method for volume reduction of UCB by centrifugation with partial removal of reduction and enrichment of CD34 + + + cells. Keywords: cord blood processing; CD34 + cells; cord red cells and plasma without significant losses of the HPC CD34 + cells, using a closed system for collection and problood bank cessing.Bone marrow transplantation plays an important role in the Materials and methods treatment of many congenital and acquired haematologic diseases, either malignant or benign.1 The early haematopoietic progenitor cells are essential for haematologic and UCB collection bags immunologic bone marrow reconstitution and express the A triple blood collection system (R1656B; Baxter, Lisbon, surface glycoprotein CD34.2 It is generally known that Portugal) with a 450 ml bag containing citrate-phosphatehuman umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a rich source of dextrose-adenin (CPD-A) anticoagulant was used to collect haematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC-CD34 + ) and has been the UCB. The volume of CPD-A was reduced to 20 ml successfully used as a source of progenitor cells for bone transferring the excess to the SAG manitol satellite bag, marrow reconstitution. [3][4][5][6][7] which was then sealed and removed, keeping the system Until 1996 more than 100 cord blood transplants had closed. been performed in children or adults with total or partially HLA-matched donors. 8 The UCB offers several advantages over bone marrow and peripheral blood as it is available UCB collection without risk to mother or infant, easy and cheap to collect, and has decreased transmission of infection, namely cyto-UCB were collected from full-term pregnancies with informed consent from the donors following delivery and clamping of umbilical cord. UCB was collected from the umbili- were stored at 4°C and processed within the following 24 h.

BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in men worldwide. MicroRNAs are globally downregulated in PCa, especially in poorly differentiated tumors. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Herein, using combined analysis of microRNAs expression and genomewide DNA methylation, we aimed to identify epigenetically downregulated microRNAs in PCa.ResultsWe found that miR-152-3p was underexpressed in PCa and that lower expression levels were associated with promoter hypermethylation in accordance with TCGA dataset analysis. Functional in vitro assays suggest that miR-152-3p suppresses cell viability and invasion potential, whereas it promotes cell cycle arrest at S and G2/M phases. Additionally, miR-152-3p expression was associated with longer disease-free survival in PCa patients from TCGA. Finally, TMEM97, which is overexpressed in PCa, was identified as a novel miR-152-3p target gene.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the advantages of using a combinatory approach to identify microRNAs downregulated due to aberrant promoter methylation. MiR-152-3p downregulation and promoter methylation was found to be prevalent in primary PCa, which impairs its role in control of cell viability, cell cycle regulation and invasion.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0475-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

In order to determine the value of flow cytometric (FCM) immunophenotyping of fine-needle aspirates (FNA) in the diagnosis and classification of lymphoproliferative diseases, 61 tissue samples were studied and compared with the cytologic/histological results. In vivo and ex vivo FNA biopsy yielded the material for FCM, which comprised an extensive number of lymphoid cell markers. In all but three cases sufficient cells were collected. Overall, malignancy was diagnosed in 33 cases from a total of 47 (70.2%), and in the remaining cases malignancy was not detected. Eleven cases were correctly diagnosed as reactive processes (11/11). There were no false positive cases of malignancy, as diagnosed by FCM-FNA. The best accuracy was achieved in the low-grade B-cell lymphomas and lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia. We conclude that in a significant number of cases, FCM-FNA permits the separation between lymphoid malignancies and reactive processes without false positive results. It was found to be particularly useful in the differential diagnosis of mantle-cell and small-lymphocytic lymphoma and in the identification of lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia.

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