The primary aim of this investigation was to determine the reliability of the above measures of sexual vigor and the correlation between them. 33 adult male rats were used. The scores for the direct tests of sexual vigor were based upon observation of copulatory and ejaculatory frequency. The reliability coefficients for these observations ranged from .68 to .91. Reliability coefficients for the tests with the Columbia obstruction apparatus ranged from .64 to .89. Product-moment correlations for direct observations vs. obstruction tests ranged from .32 to .39. The authors claim, therefore, that "there is a low, but true, relation between copulatory vigor and willingness to undergo punishment to reach the female in the obstruction apparatus as herein used." When corrected for the unreliability of the two tests, the correlation becomes .44. The present findings are compared with those of previous investigators. Bibliography.

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The behavioral development and maternal relations of chimpanzee during the first year of life have rarely been systematically observed and accurately described. It therefore appears desirable to report briefly the results of a wholly naturalistic study of captive subjects, which in varied directions correct, confirm, or supplement the content of the pertinent literature. 1 In this undertaking we have concerned ourselves equally with the infant-directed behavior of the mother, the mother-directed and also the independent behavior of the infant, and with individual differences among mothers and infants. Such information as it was our intention to assemble, and as now is presented in this report, we deem essential for the understanding of chimpanzee behavior viewed as natural development, and to the intelligent study of certain problems in behavioral ontogenesis. Although many of our descriptive statements are crude, incomplete, and doubtless in still other ways inadequate, they represent a definite step forward in chimpanzee biology. Probably it will be long before the story is completely told. II. OBSERVATIONAL SITUATION AND SUBJECTSThe observations were made under almost ideally favorable conditions at the Anthropoid Experiment Station of Yale University, Orange Park, Florida, where a healthy breeding colony of chimpanzees has been successfully established.. Between May 14, 1933, and November 21, 1933, six infants were born in the 1 See list of references at the end of this report for the more important contributions of fact.

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