The purpose of this study is to determine the market structure and the barriers to entry and exit of beef cattle market in Payakumbuh. Survey was conducted in Payakumbuh West Sumatra, with total of 106 respondents. The market structure was analyzed using concentration ratio. The results showed that cattle traded value of each actor is varies, the highest is Butcher, middlemen, breeder and trader respectively with total value of Rp 7,217,760,000. The results also showed that the concentration ratio of beef cattle market is less than 40%. This situation gives a strong bargaining position for the beef cattle market and market are identified as perfect competition market. The main barriers to entry are big investment value and marketing. Meanwhile, barriers to exit are, again big investment value and the fact that beef cattle business is as the community's main source of income.  Index Terms-market structure, business cattle, market barriers, concentration ratio, investment value, bargaining position

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The cows are one of the ruminants that have the largest contribution as a producer of meat and for meeting the needs of animal protein. Some of the factors that can affect the lack of success of a cattle farm are the extensive rearing, limitation of cage’s fasilities, bad quality of sanitation, and lack of reproduction knowledge by farmers. The purpose of this service activity was to provide knowledge and skills of local farmers in terms of toward intensive farming, based on cowshed quality, sustainable of feed and roughage, and optimal reproduction of the cows. It hopes to increase the income of local farmers further. The activity was carried out by survey method as preparation step, counseling, training, coaching, and evaluation of program. The activity was attended by members of farmer group of Batu Kalang Indah and personnel of Nagari Ampang Pulai, Pesisir Selatan Regency. The community servant shared good practices system of cow’s farm including maintenance of cages, sanitation, feeding management and roughage’s fermentation, and reproduction skills. The partcipants showed enthusiasm learning during training and counseling about the livestock management. It is hoped that can provide proper information about cattle farming intensively that can be applied sustainably by targeted farmer’s group.

As part of the agricultural sector, people in the Sijunjung district also make the livestock subsector part of the family’s economic source, where the type of livestock that has been cultivated for a long time is buffalo. Sijunjung is one of the areas in the Sijunjung district which has the potential to develop buffalo farms because it has the highest livestock population. This study aims to determine the model of buffalo livestock raising, and the income of buffalo farmers in Sijunjung District and to analyze the factors that affect the income of buffalo farming in Sijunjung District. This research method uses a survey method by interviewing 35 respondents. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis methods and inferential statistics using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that most of the farmers (40%) had buffalo in the range of 1-5 heads. Buffalo livestock farming is only used as a side business, where only 17.1% make buffalo farming their main business. Furthermore, the status of livestock ownership in general (65.7%) is a profit-sharing system that in West Sumatra is known as seduaan. The buffalo-rearing system is semi-intensive. The average income of farmers from buffalo farming for one year is Rp. 8,618,669, -. The factor of farm scale, age of the farmer, and the number of calves showed a significant effect on the income of the buffalo farming, while the factors of the number of buffaloes, education, experience, and fixed costs did not significantly affect the income of the buffalo farming.