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Low‐pressure membrane separation processes are taking on importance for the purpose of permeate‐water reuse.

A combination of aromatic polyamide RO membrane, HPLC and GCIMS was used to characterize feed and permeate samples from a coal liquefaction wastewater. The residual organics after biological treatment and their rejections by thin film membranes were identijkd and tested.Various derivatives of lactams and nitrobenzene esters were detected as by-products of the biooxidation process. Molecules of mass greater than 155 were not detected in the permeate. At 90% water recovery, the membrane showed 91 % chloride removal and 94 % total organics removal.

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