Properties of compact metals depend, in base, from oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen conсentrations in their volumes. Powders have peculiarities, which distinguish from compact metals. Literature review on methods of determination oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen of content in metallic powders. Main method of control of the gaseous admixture in metallic powders is method of the restoration melting of analytical metal in carring gas flow (helium, argon, nitrogen) in graphite crucible in impulse condition. Principal peculiarities and advantages of this method are enumerated. Examples of analysis of real objects — powders of pure metals and alloys (iron, chromium, manganese, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, nickel alloys) is given. Samples preparation is the most difficult operation in the time of analyses of metallic powders (selection, manufacturing, drying, preservation, transport of analytical samples). Problems of calibration of the methods and analysers by standard samples are considerd. Problems of creation of the standard samples from powder metals with known oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen concentration are considerd. Lack of the standard samples of metallic powders on gaseous admixtures (oxygen, nitogen, hydrogen) are showed. Method of determination oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen contents in highalloyed nickel — temperature of heating on graphite crucible, time, mass of analytical sample — are created. Materials for creation of the standard samples of powder metals with certain concetration gaseous admixture with good prospects — highalloyed nickel with low oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen concentrations — are proposed.
Titanium intermetalides (TiAl and Ti3 Al) and alloys on theirs bases applies in air — and spacetechnology and automobile industry. Physical and mechanical properties there alloys is better, then at classical Ti — or Ni — alloys, that are utilized in aeroplanes and rocets. Alloys, based on TiAl and Ti3Al, are made with utilization vacuum — arc, plasma — arc, induction- garnisage, magnetoperating electroslag melting, electron — beam melting with intermediate capacity, electroslag melting in inert atmosphere under «active» fluxes with metallic calcium, induction melting in muchsectional crystallizator and cold crucible, argon — arc melting with unexpended tungsten electrode in copper watercooling crucible. For connection of the details, that were made from these alloys, there were used welding by pressure, contact, electron — beam, diffusion welding. Alloys, based on titanium aluminide, have essential defects — high brittleness and low plasticity, viscosity and resistance thermal impact strength. Autors a lot of articles explaines these descriptions by structural special features of titanium aluminides and alloys on their bases, but does not consider possibilities of the influence by oxygen nitrogen, hydrogen admixtures. In literature information about methods of determination gaseous admixtures (O, N, H) contents in titanium aluminides and alloys on their bases are absented. Methods of determination oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen contents in titanium aluminides on analysers TC436, RO316, TN114, RH402 are created. Parameters of these methods are described in this article (temperatures of heating on graphite crucibles, times, masses of analytical samples).
Literature review on methods of determination oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen of content in germanium is given. Methods of determination oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen of content in germanium: temperatures of degasation and analysis, mass of analytical samples, time of analysis, design of carbon crucibles ets, — are prepared.
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