The efficacy of a new toothbrush filament layout concept (Topix, Peridental, France) was compared to that of a standard vertical-tuft toothbrush. Bacterial and exogenous deposit elimination were used as parameters of efficacy. 30 dental surgery students took part in the study. Plaque index scores were calculated according to a pre-defined protocol. Imprints of the 6 anterior teeth were taken before and after brushing with the 2 types of brushes, without toothpaste or rinsing. Imprints were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 12 h after brushing, imprint examination revealed bacterial flora polymorphism and the amount of dental plaque accumulated at the cervical third zone of teeth. Automated quantification in this zone of exogenous bodies showed that after brushing with vertical-tuft and cross-tuft brushes, there remained 1.26 mm2 and 0.83 mm2 of dental plaque, squamae, and blood residues, respectively. The plaque index values correlated to scanning electron microscopic observations. There was no significant difference in terms of efficacy between the cross-tuft and vertical-tuft toothbrushes.