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This study aimed at the assessment of the I, Se, S citrate effect on the organism of broiler chickens. Feeding of chickens of all groups was carried out by using standard balanced feeds – starter, grower, and finish with the use of group feeders placed at the appropriate height from the floor depending on the poultry height. For the chickens of experimental groups, I, Se, S citrate was added to drinking water daily during the 48th day. To the drinking water of chickens of experimental groups different amounts of the citrate solution were added I (200 mg/L), Se (50 mg/L), S (300 mg/L), prepared by the nanotechnology method. Chickens of the II group received the lowest dose of I, Se, S at the rate of 5 μg I/L, 1.25 μg Se/L, 7.5 μg S/L of drinking water, and for poultry of other experimental groups, it was increased by 2 (III), 4 (IV), 6 (V) and 8 (VI) times compared to II group. Coccidiostat "Kokcisan 12%" (KRKA, Slovenia) was added to the starter and grower feed at the stages of its manufacture in quantities of 0.5 kg/t of feed. Coccidiostat was not added to the final feed. During the 48-day technological period, the clinical condition of the poultry was monitored daily by forage and motor activity, safety, and every 7 days – for growth intensity with the individual determination of body weight on a laboratory scale. The investigation of the blood was carried out from the 35th or 48th day during the growing, period and also investigation of the internal organs – liver, heart, spleen, stomach, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius. The increase of cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and albumin in the blood of II, III, and VI chicken groups was established on the 35th day of the experiment, and the reduction of creatinine in III and VI groups. By that time, the effect of highest dose of I, Se, S caused a decrease in the T3 concentration in the blood of chickens in the VI group compared to the I and II groups. In particular, in the blood of chickens of IV, V and VI groups compared to the I, II, III group under these conditions there was a significant increase in the content of urea, Ca, P, cholesterol, as well as albumin – only in IV group on the 48th day. Triacylglycerols’ content increased in the blood serum of chickens in III and IV groups compared to the II and V groups, but in V group – decreased compared to the III, IV groups. The increase in liver, thymus, and heart mass in the II and V chicken groups was noticed and their decrease in the VI group was revealed compared with the control group. Reliable lower coefficients of the body mass of chickens of III and VI groups may indicate a less notable stimulating biological effect of I, Se, S citrate in these doses on liver development than on the whole organism. The addition of I, Se, S citrate to broiler chickens during the period of growing revealed the difference in their biological action in the presence and absence of the Kokcisan 12% in a mixed fodder. A more notable stimulating effect of low dose of I, Se, S citrate on the growth and development on the chickens' organism was established during the withdrawal of coccidiostatics from their diet. The effect may be due to its inhibitory influence on the biological activity of these elements in the first 35 days of growing. In the final period of chicken growing and withdrawal of ionophore Kokcisan from the diet more noticeable changes were revealed in the studied parameters.

The aim of research was to study the effect of different amounts of cobalt citrate produced by nanotechnology on biochemical processes in cows, their productivity and biological value of milk in the first two months of lactation. To achieve this goal the subsequent problems have been solved. We investigated the effect of different amounts of cobalt citrate on biochemical parameters of blood and milk of cows and controlled their average daily yield. The experiment has been conducted in 3 groups of cows (5 cows each) of Ukrainian black and white dairy cattle, analogue by body weight (590–620 kg), performance (6,5–6,8 thousand kg of milk per past lactation) and lactation (3–4 lactation). Unlike the control cows, animals experimental (ІІ) group for two months were fed by mineral supplements in the form of cobalt citrate in an amount of 19 mg Co/kg of dry matter of diet and research (ІІІ) – cobalt citrate in an amount of 34 mg Co/kg of dry matter of diet. Duration of cobalt citrate feeding of cows of research groups was 2 months. In all groups of cows the samples of venous blood were taken in preparation for feeding additives period and during 60 day of additives feeding period in order to determine the concentration of total protein, ceruloplasmin, sialic acids, hexoses bound to proteins and activity of amino transferases. The milk production has been controlled in days of sampling with the definition of daily milk yield per cow and taking an average sample for the determination of milk fat, protein, lactose, inorganic phosphorus and calcium. It has been established that the inclusion in the diet of cows of experimental (ІІ) group of mineral supplements contributed to an increase in animal blood total protein content by 11.9% (P < 0.05), inorganic phosphorus by 15.3% (P < 0.05) and hexoses bound protein by 8.8% (P < 0.05). Under these conditions milk content of inorganic phosphorus increased by 5.6% (P < 0.05) and average daily milk production increased by 4.5%. The use of mineral additives in third experimental group of animals within two months contributed to an increase in blood ceruloplasmin content by 5.1% (P < 0.05) and hexoses bound protein by 11.5% (P < 0.01). Mineral supplements promote 5.4% raise of average daily milk production and increase it to the lactose content by 0.10% (in absolute).

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Aim. To study age-related changes in the bodyweight, internal organs, and immunophysiological indices of blood for male F 2 rats, affected by different doses of nanogermanium citrate. Methods. Physiological, immunological, clinical, colorimetric, and statistical methods were applied; automatic veterinary analyzer Orphee Mythic 18 Vet (Germany) was used to determine hematological indices. Results. The decade-wise dynamics of changes in the bodyweight, the weight of heart, liver, kidneys, testicles, lungs, spleen, and weight coeffi cients of these organs at the age of 2–3 and 4–5 months demonstrated that there were intergroup dose-dependent and age-related differences in the intensity of growth and development of the organism of male rats. The highest gain of bodyweight was registered for male rates, which received 10 μg Ge/kg of bodyweight 30 days after weaning, this tendency was kept for the lower level of these indices in groups ІІІ and IV at the effect of 20 and 200 μg Ge. On days 97, 107, and 117, males of group II and IV demonstrated non-reliably lower indices of bodyweight, whereas in group III their values did not differ much from those for the control. Reliably higher indices of weight of liver and spleen were demonstrated along with their weight coeffi cients for younger males, but they were lower at the age of 4–5 months compared to the control. The blood of 2–3 m.o. group II males had reliably lower content of hemoglobin and hematocrit index as well as the tendency to the decrease in the number of erythrocytes. At the age of 4–5 months, there was an evident decrease in the number of leukocytes and their forms – lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes, which was more expressed in the blood of group II and IV males compared to the control. At the impact of nanogermanium citrate (NGeC), the blood of males of experimental groups of both age periods demonstrated higher content of immunoglobulins, circulating immune complexes, hexoses, bound to proteins, and ceruloplasmin (except for group II animals at the age of 4 months). The effect of applied doses of NGeC inhibited the input of acute phase proteins into the blood which was evident in the reliably lower content of mean mass molecules at the age of 2–3 months with its staying at the level of the control group of animals at the age of 4– months. Conclusions. The biological effect of NGeC in the doses of 10, 20, and 200 μg Ge/kg of bodyweight was demonstrated in differently directed changes in the intensity of organism growth and development, specifi c internal organs, and hematological indices, which was more expressed for animals, receiving 10 μg Ge, as well as in the differences in immunophysiological indices of blood of males of the experimental groups of both age periods, which indicated the activation of immunobiological reactivity of their organism at the age of 2–3 and 4–5 months.