Plate 1. Map showing porphyry copper deposit t racts by age, discovered deposits, and prospects in the Andes Mountains of S outh America at s cale 1:4,000,000. Separate PDF file. Plate 2. Map showing porphyry copper deposit t racts by amount of m ean estimated undiscovered copper in the Andes Mountains of S outh America at s cale 1:4,000,000.Separate PDF file. Plate 3. Map showing porphyry copper deposit t racts by density of m ean estimated undiscovered copper in metric tons/km 2 in the Andes Mountains of S outh America at scale 1:4,000,000. Separate PDF file.

To increase resource efficiency, mining residues–especially tailings–have come into the focus of research, companies, and politics. Tailings still contain varying amounts of unextracted elements of value and minerals that were not of economic interest during production. As for primary mineral deposits, only a small share of tailings offers the possibility for an economic reprocessing. To minimize exploration expenditure, a stepwise process is followed during exploration, to estimate the likelihood of a project to become a mine or in this case a reprocessing facility. During this process, costs are continuously estimated at least in an order of magnitude. Reprocessing flowsheets for copper mine tailings in Chile were developed and costs and revenues of possible products from reprocessing were examined for a rough economic assessment. Standard cost models with capex and opex for flotation, leaching, and magnetic separation were adopted to the needs of tailings reprocessing. A copper tailing (around 2 M t) that also contains magnetite was chosen as a case study. A combination of magnetic separation and leaching gave the best economic results for copper and magnetite. The adopted cost models showed positive results at this early stage of investigation (semi-technical scale processing tests).