The aim of this study was to compare the effect of silver salt and silver nanoparticles on the morphofunctional state of the hypothalamic-adrenal system in obese rats. The experiment was carried out on 24 male rats at the age of 6 months. The rats of the control group received standard food. In other groups of animals, obesity was induced using a diet-induced model of metabolic disorders. The rats, modeled for obesity, were divided into several groups. Animals of different groups received NaCl solution, silver nitrate solution and silver nanoparticle solution for 10 days, respectively. After the end of the experiment, the hypothalamic nuclei and adrenal glands, prepared according to the appropriate histological methods, were taken from the animals. In the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, a small-cell area of neurons was examined. In the adrenal glands of rats, cells of three zones of the cortex were examined: glomerular, fascicular, and reticular. The results of the study showed that obesity led to the increase of functional activity in the nuclei of neurons in the small-cell region of the PVN of the rat hypothalamus. The cells of the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex had the maximum increase in functional activity, the fascicular zone – a moderate increase in functional activity, and no significant changes were recorded in the reticular zone. It was shown that the silver salt solution caused the increase in the functional activity of PVN neurons in the hypothalamus of obese rats. In the glomerular zone, the parameters of the functional activity of cells increased significantly, in the fascicular zone, the parameters of cell nuclei decreased to the greater extent, in the reticular zone, mainly the parameters of the nuclei increased. It was investigated that the solution of silver nanoparticles caused the intensification of PVN cells in the hypothalamus of obese rats. In the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex, a significant increase in cell parameters was observed, in the fascicular zone – the increase in the cytoplasm parameters, in the reticular zone – the decrease mainly in the parameters of cell nuclei. In general, the administration of the solution of silver nanoparticles led to more pronounced activation of PVN cells of the hypothalamus and adrenal cortex in obese rats than the silver salt.

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The aim of our study was to compare the effects of a gold salt (sodium tetrachloroaurate) and gold nanoparticles colloidal solution on the morphofunctional state of the hypothalamus and adrenal glands of 6-month-old male rats with obesity, which was induced using a diet-induced model of metabolic disorders. The rats, modeled for obesity, were divided into three groups that received a NaCl solution, gold salt solution and colloidal solution of gold nanoparticles for 10 days. Rats of the control group received a standard diet. After the end of the experiment, the hypothalamic nuclei and adrenal glands, prepared according to the appropriate histological methods, were collected from the animals. In the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, a small-cell area of neurons was examined. In the adrenal glands, cells of three zones of the cortex were examined: glomerular, fascicular, and reticular. The results of the study showed that obesity led to the increase of functional activity in the nuclei of neurons in the small-cell region of the paraventricular nucleus of the rat hypothalamus. Functional activity increased maximally in the cells of the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex, moderately increased in the fascicular zone, and no significant changes were recorded in the reticular zone. It was shown that the gold salt caused a decrease in the functional activity of neurons of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in obese rats. In the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex, the functional activity of cells significantly decreased; in the fascicular zone, the parameters of cell nuclei decreased to a greater extent; in the reticular zone, there were almost no changes. The introduction of gold nanoparticles colloidal solution caused the intensification of functional activity of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus cells in obese rats. In the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex, cell parameters decreased; in the fascicular zone, cytoplasmic parameters decreased, but nuclear parameters did not change; in the reticular zone, measured values of nuclei increased and cytoplasmic parameters remained unchanged. In general, the administration of gold nanoparticles colloidal solution produced more pronounced effects than gold salt solution on cells of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the adrenal cortex in obese rats.

There was studied the morphofunctional state of the visceral white adipose tissue of rats with obesity and after introduction of silver salt solution and silver nanoparticles solution. In particular, we analyzed the morphofunctional changes in the visceral white adipose tissue of rats on a high-calorie diet, as well as the effects of the silver nitrate solution and the silver nanoparticles solution at a dose of 1 mg / 1 kg body weight and 0.5 mg / 1 kg body weight on the morphofunctional state of the visceral white adipose tissue of rats on a high-calorie diet. There were established morphofunctional changes in cells of the rats white adipose tissue on the high-calorie diet and with the introduction of silver preparations in different concentrations. The condition of the adipose tissue was evaluated on the basis of the following parameters: the relative mass of the visceral fat, the cross-sectional area of adipocytes, the relative number of adipocytes per unit area. There were compared effects of administration to animals with obesity of the silver nitrate solution at a dose of 1 mg / 1 kg body weight and 0.5 mg / 1 kg body weight, as well as a of the silver nanoparticles solution at a dose 1 mg / 1 kg body weight and 0.5 mg / 1 kg of body weight. All the above silver preparations reduced the manifestations of obesity in animals which were maintained in a high-calorie diet. In addition to the form of the silver preparation (silver nitrate solution or silver nanoparticle solution), its concentration is important. The highest efficiency was shown after the administration of the silver nanoparticles solution at a dose 0.5 mg / 1 kg of body weight. In rats of this experimental group, the studied parameters not only reached the control values, but they also exceeded them, which indicates expressed influence of the drug on the obesity manifestations. In addition, the rats showed signs of fat depletion.