-Glutamyltranspeptidase from Pseudomonas nitroreducens IFO12694 (PnGGT) exhibited higher hydrolytic activity than transfer activity, as compared with other -glutamyltranspeptidases (GGTs). PnGGT showed little activity towards most of L-amino acids and towards glycyl-glycine, which is often used as a standard -glutamyl accepter in GGT transfer reactions. The preferred substrates for PnGGT as a -glutamyl accepter were amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, and isopropylamine.
To clarify the proposed support of home care in elderly-only households in a rural area in Japan, we analyzed the actual supplies of long-term care insurance services in February 2002. The insurance benefit receivers were classified into the following three categories: the aged living alone, elderly-only households and other kinds of household. Participating in this study were 502 users of long-term care insurance services (males; 160, females; 342, average age; 83, range; 54-100) in Asuke town, Shimoyama village, Asahi town and Inabu town in Aichi prefecture.In the 502 subjects, 79 lived alone, 82 in the elderly-only households, 341 in other kinds of household. Among them, there were no remarkable differences in the degree of necessity of long-term care. However, those who received various types of home services were 37 (46.8%) in the aged living alone, 62 (75.6%) in the elderly-only households, and 262 (75.6%) other kinds of household.In the aged living alone category, the number of those who received home services decreased rapidly as the conditions requiring nursing care were aggravated. However, in the elderly-only households and other kinds of household, the rate of home care remained almost the same even if the classification of the conditions requiring care was changed.Comparing the kinds of home services between elderly-only household and other kind of household, the rate of receiving home-visit nursing increased as the severity in the degree of necessity of long-term care became severes. On the other hand, the rate of commuting for day care decreased in other kinds of household but high in the elderlyonly households.These findings revealed that most of the care receivers in the elderly-only households were provided home care on a long-term basis by receiving home-visit nursing which reduces the anxiety of patients and their families and that commuting for day care that relieves families was popular in these rural communities.
The conventional chemical oxygen demand (COD) test requires mercuric sulfate (HgSO 4 ) for masking chlorides (Cl − ) in a sample. Since the use of mercury (Hg) will be strictly restricted under the Minamata Convention on Mercury, the feasibility of Hg-free COD test by closed reflux, colorimetric method with excessive addition of silver sulfate (Ag 2 SO 4 ) was discussed in this research. Although Cl − contamination tended to increase the dichromate consumption even in the conventional COD test, the Ag 2 SO 4 dose in sulfuric acid reagent not less than 10.3 g/kg-H 2 SO 4 successfully masked Cl − not more than 500 mg-Cl/L. As a result of applying to 14 organic compounds with theoretical oxygen demand of 90 mg-O 2 /L, the Hg-free COD test tended to output slightly higher COD than the conventional one; the average degradation efficiency of 96% in the Hg-free test and 94% in the conventional test. The average accuracy for the Hg-free COD test was superior to the conventional one. In the economical viewpoint, the Hg-free COD test successfully cut off the chemical cost of Ag 2 SO 4 and HgSO 4 from 13,459 to 7,831 JPY/1,000 samples. Consequently, the Hg-free COD test was thought to be feasible for water samples containing Cl − not more than 500 mg-Cl/L.
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