Explosive boiling of liquids on film heaters under the action of pulsed heat fluxes q = 10 8 -10 9 W/m 2 is considered. A technique of stroboscopic visualization of boiling stages with a time resolution of 100 nsec is used. Numerous scenarios of evolution of explosive boiling are demonstrated. Conditions of the thermal effect (magnitude of the heat flux, duration and repetition frequency of heat pulses) are found, which ensure single and repeated boiling, intermittent boiling, and boiling with formation of complicated multi-bubble structures. It is noted that homogeneous nucleation is a dominating mechanism of incipience of examined liquids for q > 10 8 W/m 2 .

The object to be investigated is a fuel cell with a free molten carbonate electrolyte, which ensures direct electrochemical oxidation of solid hydrocarbons. The polarization characteristics of anode and cathode fuel cell assemblies, and also composition and gas release rate of gaseous products of anode reactions are studied.